Burned area
satellite only545ha
Perimeter published by EFFIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- perimeter revised on 2 April 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
HR · Croatia · –
Grad Vrlika fire, March 2025 Grad Vrlika, Općina Civljane
Out · last detection 10 Mar 2025, 00:11 UTC
The fire started on 9 March 2025 in Grad Vrlika, Croatia, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 545 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 22th largest in Split-Dalmatia since 2016 (of 48 with a page). The largest in Croatia in 2025, of 11.
The power measured by the satellite is low (4.0 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only2days
9 Mar 2025 to 10 Mar 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 10 Mar 2025, 00:11 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only9 Mar 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 9 Mar 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only4
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 4 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 9 Mar 2025 – 10 Mar 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only13MW
Total radiative power on 10 March 2025; hotspots that day: 4.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 10 Mar 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model4.9FWI · very low
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 7.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 9 Mar 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model11.9°C · 41% RH
High of 11.9 °C and minimum humidity of 41% on 9 March 2025; gusts of 82 km/h on 10 March 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 9 Mar 2025 – 10 Mar 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
· reconstructed perimeterEFFIS (Copernicus) revises the perimeter
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 545 ha
- Dates
- 9 Mar 2025 – 10 Mar 2025
- Name
- Grad Vrlika
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/grad-vrlika-2025-03?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire grad-vrlika-2025-03.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-03-09 | 0 | 0 | 11.9 | 2.8 | 41 | 10.2 | 42.5 | 0 | 4.9 | muy_bajo | 1 |
| 2025-03-10 | 4 | 13 | 8.2 | 1.8 | 65 | 23.6 | 82.1 | 5.4 | 1.9 | muy_bajo | 1 |
| 2025-03-11 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1.9 | 67 | 11.7 | 61.2 | 32.4 | 0 | muy_bajo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: EFFIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 545ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 2days
- 9 Mar 2025 – 10 Mar 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 9 Mar
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 4
- in a single hotspot: 4 MW
- Danger at start
- 5
- Very low · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 13MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
9 Mar10 Mar
How it evolved, day by day
10 Mar 2025 · 13 MW · 4
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
12°high
82km/h · peak gust
41%lowest humidity
It had gone 7 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 32.4 mm on 11 Mar.
This area had burned before
100% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 242 ha in 2016, 545 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 545 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Zagreb boundary: geoBoundaries · OpenStreetMap, Wambacher · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL 1.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Grad Vrlika where it started493 ha reached on 10 Mar2.0 %
-
53 ha reached on 10 Mar0.6 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Other natural land100 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 100 %
- ZEPA + LIC Dinara HR1000028 · HR5000028
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 Mar | 11.9 °C | 41 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very low 5 |
| 10 Mar | 8.2 °C | 65 % | 82 km/h | 5.4 mm | Very low 2 |
| 11 Mar after | 9.0 °C | 67 % | 61 km/h | 32.4 mm | Very low 0 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 4.9, a minimum humidity of 41% and 7 days without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 16.
FWI at the start
4.9
Minimum humidity
41 %
Days without rain
7
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Grad Vrlika fire, March 2025
545 ha
2 days
FWI 4.9
Min. humidity 41 %
Prozor-Rama fire, March 2022
210 ha
5 days
FWI 5.0
Min. humidity 41 %
90 km away, in 2022
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 9.9 mm on 30 Mar.
Glamoč fire, March 2020
318 ha
4 days
FWI 5.3
Min. humidity 39 %
34 km away, in 2020
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 5.3 mm on 22 Mar.
Bosansko Grahovo fire, February 2019
325 ha
1 day
FWI 6.2
Min. humidity 40 %
39 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.5 mm on 1 Mar.
Općina Gračac fire, February 2019
151 ha
1 day
FWI 7.4
Min. humidity 41 %
62 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 2.4 mm on 1 Mar.
Livno fire, March 2020
492 ha
3 days
FWI 6.4
Min. humidity 39 %
47 km away, in 2020
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.2 mm on 24 Mar.
What happened to them
- 3 days
- median duration
- 226 ha
- median area
- 12 %
- went past 1,000 ha
- 2.5 mm
- rain at the end (median; 15 of 16 had it)
It was 2.4 times larger than the median of its twins and lasted 2 days, against 3 days.
Only 2 of its 16 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In 1 of 16, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.5 mm.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
32.4 mmfirst rain
11 Marthe day after it ended
82km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 10 Mar, and on 11 Mar 32.4 mm fell. We do not know whether the rain or the firefighters put it out. Twins with rain when they ended: 15 of 16, with a median of 2.5 mm.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 2 Mar 2025
After · 17 Mar 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 9 March 2025 the air beside the fire reached 14 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak14 µg/m³
Days over the guideline0 days
PM1020 µg/m³
Optical depth0.29
7 Mar9 Mar11 Mar13 Mar
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 4Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 5,948 haDinara Općina CivljaneApril 2020 · 7 days · 2 km away
- 8,212 haBosansko Grahovo6 April 2020 · 8 days · 9 km away
- 8,657 haBosansko GrahovoAugust 2026 · 12 days · 13 km away
- 3,636 haGrad VrlikaApril 2020 · 6 days · 16 km away
- 3,526 haBosansko Grahovo20 March 2022 · 8 days · 19 km away
- 4,742 haLivno2 August 2017 · 6 days · 23 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Grad Vrlika fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 9 March 2025 and 10 March 2025: 2 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 545 hectares (5.4 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Grad Vrlika (493 ha, 2.0 %); Općina Civljane (53 ha, 0.6 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 11.9 °C, humidity dropped to 41 % and gusts hit 82 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 5, class Very low.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Croatia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 16. Their median duration was 3 days and their median area 226 ha; 12 % went past 1,000 ha. Only 2 of its 16 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In 1 of 16, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.5 mm.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · 193 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 4 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.