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Floriano fire, July 2025 Floriano

Out · last detection 21 Jul 2025, 16:33 UTC

The fire started on 12 July 2025 in Floriano, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 10 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,072 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.

It is the 773th largest in Piaui since 2016 (of 803 with a page). Number 696 in Brazil in 2025, of 714.

The power measured by the satellite is low (24.8 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.

Burnt area
3,072ha
GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
Duration
10days
12 Jul 2025 – 21 Jul 2025
Municipalities hit
1
municipalities
Started on
12 Jul
2025
Heat detections
97
in a single hotspot: 25 MW
Danger at start
48
Very high · FWI index
Energy released
547MW
sum of detected power

Where it burned

21 Jul 2025
HOTSPOTS BY DAY 12 Jul21 Jul

How it evolved, day by day

12131415161718192021

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

The weather it burned in

36°high
51km/h · peak gust
22%lowest humidity

It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.

This area had burned before

74% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 21 ha in 2018, 682 ha in 2019, 986 ha in 2021, 34 ha in 2022, 1,499 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,288 ha that had burned before.

What happened to each town

  1. Floriano 62,036 inhabitants where it started
    3,094 ha reached on 11 Jul
    0.9 %

Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

The weather day by day

ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)

Day High Min. humidity Peak gust Rain Danger (FWI)
11 Jul 34.6 °C 31 % 46 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
12 Jul 34.0 °C 27 % 51 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 53
13 Jul 32.9 °C 26 % 50 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 51
14 Jul 34.5 °C 29 % 46 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 49
15 Jul 34.7 °C 28 % 45 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
16 Jul 35.2 °C 24 % 45 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 49
17 Jul 34.8 °C 22 % 48 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 51
18 Jul 35.7 °C 24 % 42 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
19 Jul 35.2 °C 28 % 43 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 48
20 Jul 36.1 °C 24 % 44 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 50
21 Jul 35.4 °C 25 % 40 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 50
22 Jul after 36.0 °C 25 % 43 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 49
23 Jul after 36.1 °C 24 % 43 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 50
24 Jul after 35.9 °C 28 % 46 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 51
25 Jul after 35.8 °C 20 % 48 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 53
26 Jul after 35.2 °C 21 % 48 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 52
27 Jul after 35.3 °C 15 % 49 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 58
28 Jul after 35.4 °C 26 % 46 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 54
29 Jul after 36.8 °C 25 % 39 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 49
30 Jul after 37.5 °C 22 % 35 km/h 0.0 mm Very high 45
31 Jul after 35.3 °C 23 % 40 km/h 0.1 mm Extreme 50

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

Before · 5 Jul 2025
After · 28 Jul 2025

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 24 July 2025 the air beside the fire reached 6 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak6 µg/m³
Days over the guideline0 days
PM108 µg/m³
Optical depth0.15
101112131415161718192021222324
Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 97Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
Date and timeSatelliteFRP (MW)LatLon

Other fires nearby

All fires in Brazil ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Floriano fire last?
GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 12 July 2025 and 21 July 2025: 10 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
How much area did it burn?
The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,072 hectares (30.7 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
Which municipalities burned?
The fire only entered Floriano (3,094 ha, 0.9 %).
What was the weather like?
During the fire the temperature reached 36.1 °C, humidity dropped to 22 % and gusts hit 51 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 53, class Extreme.
Where does this data come from?
From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Emergency number: 193

Satellite cross-check

Does something look wrong on this page?

This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

Report an error
What do you think is wrong?

We will only use your email to reply about this report. Privacy. This is not an emergency service: if there is a fire now, call 193.

Where this data comes from

The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.