Thebes fire, 22 July 2023 Θηβαίων · Thebes, Orchomenus
The fire started on 22 July 2023 in Thebes, Greece, and satellites saw it burning for 3 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 501 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 25th largest in Central Greece since 2016 (of 53 with a page). Number 20 in Greece in 2023, of 34.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 501ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 3days
- 22 Jul 2023 – 24 Jul 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 22 Jul
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 22
- in a single hotspot: 243 MW
- Danger at start
- 38
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 581MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 16 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Athens boundary: geoBoundaries · geoBoundaries, Wikimedia Commons (CC0 1.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
339 ha reached on 22 Jul0.4 %
-
Orchomenus Ορχομενός164 ha reached on 23 Jul0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Sclerophyllous scrub82 %
- Agricultural areas13 %
- Artificial surfaces4.9 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 0 %
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 Jul | 40.6 °C | 20 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 23 Jul | 42.0 °C | 15 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 24 Jul | 36.0 °C | 27 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 25 Jul after | 40.2 °C | 19 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 26 Jul after | 42.2 °C | 16 % | 55 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 27 Jul after | 34.2 °C | 25 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 28 Jul after | 32.0 °C | 33 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 29 Jul after | 32.8 °C | 32 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 30 Jul after | 34.4 °C | 28 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 31 Jul after | 34.2 °C | 31 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 1 Aug after | 33.7 °C | 34 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 2 Aug after | 36.9 °C | 23 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 3 Aug after | 37.9 °C | 24 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 26 July 2023 the air beside the fire reached 22 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 19: 1.3 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 22Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Thebes fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 22 July 2023 and 24 July 2023: 3 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 501 hectares (5.0 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Thebes (339 ha, 0.4 %); Orchomenus (164 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 42.0 °C, humidity dropped to 15 % and gusts hit 37 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 47, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Greece (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · 199 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 22 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.