Thebes fire, 21 August 2023 Θηβαίων · Livadeia, Thebes
The fire started on 21 August 2023 in Thebes, Greece, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 3,614 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 4th largest in Central Greece since 2016 (of 53 with a page). Number 8 in Greece in 2023, of 34.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 3,614ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 5days
- 21 Aug 2023 – 25 Aug 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 21 Aug
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 196
- in a single hotspot: 154 MW
- Danger at start
- 42
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 799MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 55 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 7.9 mm on 4 Sept.
This area had burned before
5% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 193 ha in 2019.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Athens boundary: geoBoundaries · geoBoundaries, Wikimedia Commons (CC0 1.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Livadeia Λεβαδέων2,263 ha reached on 21 Aug3.1 %
-
1,224 ha reached on 21 Aug1.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Sclerophyllous scrub75 %
- Other natural land11 %
- Agricultural areas10 %
- Scrub and transitional woodland4.0 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 0 %
- LIC KORINTHIAKOS KOLPOS GR2530007
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there were about 5.3 hectares of built-up land and about 150 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 Aug | 33.4 °C | 27 % | 52 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 22 Aug | 33.3 °C | 30 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 23 Aug | 31.9 °C | 41 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 24 Aug | 32.7 °C | 41 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 25 Aug | 32.2 °C | 45 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 26 Aug after | 31.7 °C | 41 % | 36 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 32 |
| 27 Aug after | 32.5 °C | 45 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 28 Aug after | 31.8 °C | 49 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 29 Aug after | 32.6 °C | 36 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 30 Aug after | 30.1 °C | 41 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 31 Aug after | 29.5 °C | 41 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 1 Sept after | 27.8 °C | 39 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 2 Sept after | 30.0 °C | 41 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 3 Sept after | 30.2 °C | 37 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 4 Sept after | 26.2 °C | 44 % | 36 km/h | 7.9 mm | Low 7 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 23 August 2023 the air beside the fire reached 45 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 30: 2.0 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 196Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 3,735 haThebes ΘηβαίωνJuly 2026 · 2 days · 15 km away
- 5,189 haLivadeia ΛεβαδέωνAugust 2023 · 4 days · 16 km away
- 7,005 haGerania Λουτρακίου - Περαχώρας - Αγίων ΘεοδώρωνMay 2021 · 5 days · 35 km away
- 1,272 haLoutraki-Agioi Theodoroi Λουτρακίου - Περαχώρας - Αγίων ΘεοδώρωνJuly 2023 · 3 days · 36 km away
- 7,771 haXylokastro Ξυλοκάστρου - ΕυρωστίνηςSeptember 2024 · 4 days · 37 km away
- 13,192 haMandra-Eidyllia Μάνδρας - Ειδυλλίας31 July 2026 · 6 days · 38 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Thebes fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 21 August 2023 and 25 August 2023: 5 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 3,614 hectares (36.1 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Livadeia (2,263 ha, 3.1 %); Thebes (1,224 ha, 1.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 33.4 °C, humidity dropped to 27 % and gusts hit 52 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 42, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Greece (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · 199 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 196 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.