Senqu fire, 1 October 2024 Senqu
The fire started on 1 October 2024 in Senqu, South Africa, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 6,483 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 20th largest in Eastern Cape since 2016 (of 185 with a page). Number 11 in South Africa in 2024, of 121.
- Burnt area
- 6,483ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 5days
- 1 Oct 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- municipalities
- Started on
- 1 Oct
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 231
- in a single hotspot: 72 MW
- Danger at start
- 10
- Low · FWI index
- Energy released
- 2.4GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 2 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.1 mm on 8 Oct.
This area had burned before
24% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,082 ha in 2016, 143 ha in 2020, 330 ha in 2021, 11 ha in 2022, 39 ha in 2023.
- 1,082 ha Senqu fire, September 2016 3,042 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 143 ha Senqu fire, October 2020 2,517 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 11 ha Senqu fire, September 2022 8,006 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Senqu where it started6,525 ha reached on 1 Oct0.9 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Oct | 11.0 °C | 20 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 2 Oct | 14.7 °C | 28 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 3 Oct | 18.8 °C | 20 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 4 Oct | 22.2 °C | 9 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 5 Oct | 23.3 °C | 6 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 6 Oct after | 24.1 °C | 6 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 7 Oct after | 17.1 °C | 36 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 8 Oct after | 23.0 °C | 22 % | 37 km/h | 1.1 mm | Moderate 12 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 4 October 2024 the air beside the fire reached 24 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 19: 1.3 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 231Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Senqu fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 1 October 2024 and 5 October 2024: 5 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 6,483 hectares (64.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Senqu (6,525 ha, 0.9 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 23.3 °C, humidity dropped to 6 % and gusts hit 40 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 23, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of South Africa (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 10177 · 112
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.