Burned area
satellite only43,209ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 27 Sept 2025 – 12 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
AU · Australia · –
Roper Gulf fire, 27 September 2025 Roper Gulf
Out · last detection 12 Oct 2025, 05:26 UTC
The fire started on 27 September 2025 in Roper Gulf, Australia, and satellites saw it burning for 16 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 43,209 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
This entry is probably a savanna fire in Australia’s tropical north, not a bushfire like those in the south of the country. Millions of hectares of northern savanna and grassland burn every year: much of it in burns lit on purpose early in the dry season (traditional fire management, parks and cattle stations), the rest in grass fires that return to the same ground every few years. This is our assumption, based on the location; it is not confirmed. That is why it is left out of the wildfire rankings.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-26matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only16days
27 Sept 2025 to 12 Oct 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 12 Oct 2025, 05:26 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only27 Sept 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 27 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only1,019
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 146 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 27 Sept 2025 – 12 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only1,748MW
Total radiative power on 3 October 2025; hotspots that day: 183.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 3 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model69.5FWI · extreme
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 60.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 27 Sept 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model39.3°C · 9% RH
High of 39.3 °C and minimum humidity of 9% on 3 October 2025; gusts of 49 km/h on 3 October 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 27 Sept 2025 – 12 Oct 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
logLast day with fire: 10 October 2025 → 12 October 2025.
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 26 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 43,209 ha
- Dates
- 27 Sept 2025 – 12 Oct 2025
- Name
- Roper Gulf
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/roper-gulf-2025-09-4?v=2026-10-26A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire roper-gulf-2025-09-4.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-09-27 | 19 | 88 | 35 | 17.7 | 16 | 24.1 | 45 | 0 | 69.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-28 | 3 | 21 | 37.6 | 19.3 | 19 | 21.9 | 40 | 0 | 51.9 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-29 | 47 | 559 | 38.5 | 17.6 | 16 | 22.1 | 41.8 | 0 | 67.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-30 | 57 | 802 | 36.6 | 17.7 | 22 | 21.5 | 45.4 | 0 | 71.3 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-01 | 74 | 950 | 36.3 | 20.8 | 28 | 17.3 | 38.9 | 0 | 62.2 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-02 | 103 | 702 | 37.9 | 22.6 | 24 | 15.9 | 31 | 0 | 43.5 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-03 | 183 | 1,748 | 39.3 | 23.2 | 9 | 26.2 | 49.3 | 0 | 100.9 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-04 | 118 | 535 | 38.2 | 19.8 | 6 | 21.1 | 42.5 | 0 | 77.3 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-05 | 76 | 956 | 35 | 15.6 | 17 | 22.5 | 45.4 | 0.7 | 76.1 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-06 | 74 | 467 | 35 | 22.2 | 29 | 21.6 | 40.3 | 0 | 57.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-07 | 74 | 669 | 35.7 | 20.3 | 24 | 22.9 | 43.2 | 0 | 63.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-08 | 117 | 1,550 | 35.7 | 19.9 | 33 | 23.4 | 46.1 | 0.1 | 67.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-09 | 44 | 318 | 35.7 | 23 | 41 | 23 | 44.6 | 0.4 | 57.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-10 | 29 | 192 | 36.5 | 24 | 38 | 17.4 | 35.6 | 0 | 44.8 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-11 | 0 | 0 | 36.5 | 24.6 | 42 | 7.6 | 29.5 | 3 | 34.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-12 | 1 | 6 | 35.8 | 24.3 | 42 | 11.7 | 26.6 | 0.2 | 15.4 | moderado | 1 |
| 2025-10-13 | 0 | 0 | 36.3 | 25.1 | 39 | 17.3 | 37.1 | 1.2 | 33.7 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 43,209ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 16days
- 27 Sept 2025 – 12 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- local government areas
- Started on
- 27 Sept
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 1,019
- in a single hotspot: 146 MW
- Danger at start
- 70
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 637MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
27 Sept12 Oct
12 Oct 2025
How it evolved, day by day
27 Sept
30 Sept
3 Oct
6 Oct
9 Oct
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
39°high
49km/h · peak gust
6%lowest humidity
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.2 mm on 13 Oct.
This area had burned before
92% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 50 ha in 2016, 15,112 ha in 2017, 880 ha in 2018, 27,676 ha in 2019, 216 ha in 2020, 17,196 ha in 2021, 2,038 ha in 2022, 11,816 ha in 2023, 3,065 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 39,875 ha that had burned before.
- 24,907 ha Roper Gulf fire, August 2019 62,317 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 5,018 ha Roper Gulf fire, August 2017 11,474 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,825 ha Roper Gulf fire, September 2021 10,275 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,434 ha Roper Gulf fire, September 2021 51,983 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,059 ha Roper Gulf fire, September 2024 12,876 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 205 ha Roper Gulf fire, October 2024 5,422 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Roper Gulf where it started43,655 ha reached on 27 Sept0.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with Extreme FWI: 43 % of the area in Australia 60 days without rain: 8.2 % of the area in Australia
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 Sept | 35.0 °C | 16 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 70 |
| 28 Sept | 37.6 °C | 19 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 29 Sept | 38.5 °C | 16 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 68 |
| 30 Sept | 36.6 °C | 22 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 71 |
| 1 Oct | 36.3 °C | 28 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 2 Oct | 37.9 °C | 24 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 3 Oct | 39.3 °C | 9 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 101 |
| 4 Oct | 38.2 °C | 6 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 77 |
| 5 Oct | 35.0 °C | 17 % | 45 km/h | 0.7 mm | Very extreme 76 |
| 6 Oct | 35.0 °C | 29 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 7 Oct | 35.7 °C | 24 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 8 Oct | 35.7 °C | 33 % | 46 km/h | 0.1 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 9 Oct | 35.7 °C | 41 % | 45 km/h | 0.4 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 10 Oct | 36.5 °C | 38 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 11 Oct | 36.5 °C | 42 % | 30 km/h | 3.0 mm | High 34 |
| 12 Oct | 35.8 °C | 42 % | 27 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 13 Oct after | 36.3 °C | 39 % | 37 km/h | 1.2 mm | High 34 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 20 Sept 2025
After · 19 Oct 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 5 October 2025 the air beside the fire reached 52 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 24: 1.6 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak52 µg/m³
Days over the guideline5 days
PM1054 µg/m³
Optical depth0.46
WHO 15
25 Sept29 Sept3 Oct7 Oct11 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1,019Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Roper Gulf fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 27 September 2025 to 12 October 2025 (16 days). The perimeter dates it from 27 September 2025 to 10 October 2025.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 43,209 hectares (432.1 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Roper Gulf (43,655 ha, 0.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 39.3 °C, humidity dropped to 6 % and gusts hit 49 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 101, class Very extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Australia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 000 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 10 October 2025 → 12 October 2025.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 27 September 2025 to 10 October 2025. 1,019 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
- Probably a vegetation burn: not counted in the totals.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.