Burned area
satellite only5,580ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022 – 18 Dec 2022
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
AU · Australia · –
Roper Gulf fire, 14 December 2022 Roper Gulf
Out · last detection 18 Dec 2022, 05:16 UTC
The fire started on 14 December 2022 in Roper Gulf, Australia, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 5,580 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
This entry is probably a savanna fire in Australia’s tropical north, not a bushfire like those in the south of the country. Millions of hectares of northern savanna and grassland burn every year: much of it in burns lit on purpose early in the dry season (traditional fire management, parks and cattle stations), the rest in grass fires that return to the same ground every few years. This is our assumption, based on the location; it is not confirmed. That is why it is left out of the wildfire rankings.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only5days
14 Dec 2022 to 18 Dec 2022: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 18 Dec 2022, 05:16 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only14 Dec 2022
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only169
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 170 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022 – 18 Dec 2022
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only1,300MW
Total radiative power on 14 December 2022; hotspots that day: 40.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model49.4FWI · very high
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 14.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model40.0°C · 8% RH
High of 40.0 °C and minimum humidity of 8% on 16 December 2022; gusts of 52 km/h on 18 December 2022.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 14 Dec 2022 – 18 Dec 2022
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 5,580 ha
- Dates
- 14 Dec 2022 – 18 Dec 2022
- Name
- Roper Gulf
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/roper-gulf-2022-12-4?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire roper-gulf-2022-12-4.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-12-14 | 40 | 1,300 | 39.8 | 27.8 | 6 | 17 | 33.8 | 0 | 49.4 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2022-12-15 | 42 | 485 | 38.3 | 24.1 | 7 | 21.9 | 36.7 | 0 | 56.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2022-12-16 | 57 | 1,068 | 40 | 25.7 | 8 | 26.4 | 41.4 | 0 | 63.6 | extremo | 1 |
| 2022-12-17 | 22 | 334 | 38.4 | 25.2 | 20 | 23.3 | 38.5 | 0 | 52.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2022-12-18 | 8 | 62 | 37.3 | 28.7 | 30 | 21.5 | 51.5 | 1.8 | 29.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2022-12-19 | 0 | 0 | 32 | 24.8 | 56 | 25.3 | 40.3 | 15.2 | 5.2 | muy_bajo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 5,580ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 5days
- 14 Dec 2022 – 18 Dec 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- local government areas
- Started on
- 14 Dec
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 169
- in a single hotspot: 170 MW
- Danger at start
- 49
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 650MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
14 Dec18 Dec
18 Dec 2022
How it evolved, day by day
14 Dec
15 Dec
16 Dec
17 Dec
18 Dec
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
40°high
52km/h · peak gust
6%lowest humidity
It had gone 14 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 15.2 mm on 19 Dec.
This area had burned before
33% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,822 ha in 2017.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Roper Gulf where it started5,658 ha reached on 14 Dec0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with Very dry air: 29 % of the area in Australia
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 Dec | 39.8 °C | 6 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 15 Dec | 38.3 °C | 7 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 16 Dec | 40.0 °C | 8 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 17 Dec | 38.4 °C | 20 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 18 Dec | 37.3 °C | 30 % | 52 km/h | 1.8 mm | High 30 |
| 19 Dec after | 32.0 °C | 56 % | 40 km/h | 15.2 mm | Very low 5 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 7 Dec 2022
After · 25 Dec 2022
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 16 December 2022 the air beside the fire reached 24 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak24 µg/m³
Days over the guideline0 days
PM1037 µg/m³
Optical depth0.20
WHO 15
12 Dec14 Dec16 Dec18 Dec20 Dec
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 169Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Roper Gulf fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 14 December 2022 and 18 December 2022: 5 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 5,580 hectares (55.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Roper Gulf (5,658 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 40.0 °C, humidity dropped to 6 % and gusts hit 52 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 64, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Australia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 000 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 169 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
- Probably a vegetation burn: not counted in the totals.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.