Planaltina fire, 4 September 2021 Planaltina, Padre Bernardo, Brasília
The fire started on 4 September 2021 in Planaltina, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 21 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 25,100 hectares from heat detections, spread across 3 municipalities.
It is the 16th largest in Goiás since 2016 (of 548 with a page). Number 38 in Brazil in 2021, of 814.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 25,100ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 21days
- 4 Sept 2021 – 24 Sept 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 3
- municipalities
- Started on
- 4 Sept
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 1,124
- in a single hotspot: 73 MW
- Danger at start
- 36
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 460MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 3.4 mm on 25 Sept.
This area had burned before
87% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 8,344 ha in 2016, 11,233 ha in 2017, 16,033 ha in 2019. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 21,850 ha that had burned before.
- 10,135 ha Planaltina fire, October 2017 31,311 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 7,055 ha Planaltina fire, September 2016 17,826 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 4,856 ha Planaltina fire, September 2019 5,694 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,817 ha Planaltina fire, October 2019 7,700 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,138 ha Planaltina fire, August 2019 3,830 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,027 ha Padre Bernardo fire, August 2019 11,657 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 486 ha Planaltina fire, October 2019 3,721 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
25,150 ha reached on 4 Sept9.8 %
-
Padre Bernardo 34,967 inhabitants95 ha reached on 16 Sept0.0 %
-
Brasília 47,045 inhabitants19 ha0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Inside the perimeter there were about 0.49 hectares of built-up land and about 40 residents (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Sept | 30.7 °C | 22 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 5 Sept | 32.9 °C | 19 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 6 Sept | 33.5 °C | 20 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 7 Sept | 34.1 °C | 17 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 8 Sept | 32.1 °C | 24 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 9 Sept | 34.0 °C | 18 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 10 Sept | 34.0 °C | 16 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 11 Sept | 34.2 °C | 16 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 12 Sept | 32.9 °C | 22 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 13 Sept | 32.3 °C | 18 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 14 Sept | 32.8 °C | 20 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 15 Sept | 33.7 °C | 19 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 16 Sept | 33.6 °C | 16 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 17 Sept | 30.5 °C | 18 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 18 Sept | 31.4 °C | 15 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 19 Sept | 33.6 °C | 13 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 20 Sept | 34.2 °C | 18 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 21 Sept | 35.8 °C | 16 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 22 Sept | 34.8 °C | 19 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 23 Sept | 32.7 °C | 32 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 24 Sept | 32.1 °C | 30 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 25 Sept after | 29.8 °C | 39 % | 24 km/h | 3.4 mm | Low 7 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 1,124Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 31,311 haPlanaltina5 October 2017 · 22 days · 6 km away
- 7,700 haPlanaltina13 October 2019 · 6 days · 9 km away
- 11,657 haPadre BernardoAugust 2019 · 29 days · 11 km away
- 17,826 haPlanaltina9 September 2016 · 11 days · 12 km away
- 7,863 haPadre BernardoOctober 2025 · 9 days · 16 km away
- 10,304 haPlanaltina3 September 2021 · 21 days · 33 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Planaltina fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 4 September 2021 to 24 September 2021 (21 days). The perimeter dates it from 11 September 2021 to 24 September 2021.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 25,100 hectares (251.0 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 3 municipalities: Planaltina (25,150 ha, 9.8 %); Padre Bernardo (95 ha, 0.0 %); Brasília (19 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 35.8 °C, humidity dropped to 13 % and gusts hit 45 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 53, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Start date: 11 September 2021 → 4 September 2021.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 11 September 2021 to 24 September 2021. 1,124 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.