Pium fire, 2 October 2025 Pium, Santa Terezinha
The fire started on 2 October 2025 in Pium, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 8 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 18,551 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 74th largest in Tocantins since 2016 (of 1242 with a page). Number 40 in Brazil in 2025, of 714.
- Burnt area
- 18,551ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 8days
- 2 Oct 2025 – 9 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 2 Oct
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 446
- in a single hotspot: 74 MW
- Danger at start
- 39
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 5.8GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 4 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 7.5 mm on 11 Oct.
This area had burned before
97% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 10,210 ha in 2016, 9,628 ha in 2017, 1,958 ha in 2018, 8,823 ha in 2019, 4,458 ha in 2020, 1,450 ha in 2021, 8,106 ha in 2022, 6,758 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 17,989 ha that had burned before.
- 8,168 ha Pium fire, August 2016 12,958 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 7,426 ha Pium fire, August 2019 41,580 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 5,156 ha Pium fire, August 2022 12,887 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,756 ha Pium fire, September 2017 6,957 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,469 ha Pium fire, August 2024 4,387 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,688 ha Pium fire, August 2022 11,834 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,574 ha Pium fire, August 2017 74,474 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,367 ha Pium fire, August 2024 11,400 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
18,685 ha reached on 29 Sept1.8 %
-
Santa Terezinha 7,596 inhabitants4 ha0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 Sept | 37.9 °C | 24 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 30 Sept | 37.8 °C | 28 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 1 Oct | 36.5 °C | 31 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 2 Oct | 36.9 °C | 28 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 3 Oct | 38.2 °C | 23 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 4 Oct | 38.0 °C | 21 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 5 Oct | 37.7 °C | 22 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 6 Oct | 38.7 °C | 22 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 7 Oct | 37.9 °C | 28 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 8 Oct | 37.3 °C | 34 % | 29 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 34 |
| 9 Oct | 31.1 °C | 53 % | 24 km/h | 22.3 mm | Very low 3 |
| 10 Oct after | 33.5 °C | 45 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 11 Oct after | 34.4 °C | 47 % | 22 km/h | 7.5 mm | Very low 2 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 2 October 2025 the air beside the fire reached 104 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 58: 3.9 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 446Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Pium fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 2 October 2025 and 9 October 2025: 8 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 18,551 hectares (185.5 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Pium (18,685 ha, 1.8 %); Santa Terezinha (4 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.7 °C, humidity dropped to 21 % and gusts hit 45 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 45, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.