Pebane fire, 6 September 2024 Pebane
The fire started on 6 September 2024 in Pebane, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 16 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 25,462 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 59th largest in Zambézia since 2016 (of 845 with a page). Number 5 in Mozambique in 2024, of 150.
- Burnt area
- 25,462ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 16days
- 6 Sept 2024 – 21 Sept 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 6 Sept
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 1,098
- in a single hotspot: 122 MW
- Danger at start
- 10
- Low · FWI index
- Energy released
- 12.2GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 0 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.3 mm on 22 Sept.
This area had burned before
79% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 2,446 ha in 2016, 3,419 ha in 2017, 3,914 ha in 2018, 2,444 ha in 2019, 6,090 ha in 2020, 9,012 ha in 2021, 7,340 ha in 2022, 2,685 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 20,057 ha that had burned before.
- 2,486 ha Pebane fire, September 2021 6,516 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,836 ha Pebane fire, September 2018 3,507 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,743 ha Pebane fire, October 2021 3,128 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,578 ha Pebane fire, October 2022 3,302 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,011 ha Pebane fire, October 2022 21,787 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 401 ha Pebane fire, September 2023 13,249 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 304 ha Pebane fire, September 2023 3,180 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 120 ha Pebane fire, September 2023 4,368 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Pebane where it started25,601 ha reached on 1 Sept2.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Sept | 27.2 °C | 50 % | 47 km/h | 2.1 mm | Low 10 |
| 2 Sept | 26.9 °C | 42 % | 43 km/h | 1.9 mm | Low 11 |
| 3 Sept | 26.7 °C | 59 % | 37 km/h | 3.0 mm | Low 6 |
| 4 Sept | 28.5 °C | 43 % | 34 km/h | 1.4 mm | Low 10 |
| 5 Sept | 31.0 °C | 33 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 6 Sept | 31.6 °C | 42 % | 28 km/h | 0.8 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 7 Sept | 31.9 °C | 44 % | 35 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 8 Sept | 34.0 °C | 37 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 9 Sept | 36.5 °C | 24 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 10 Sept | 31.1 °C | 45 % | 39 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 28 |
| 11 Sept | 31.0 °C | 46 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 12 Sept | 31.9 °C | 43 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 13 Sept | 33.9 °C | 35 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 14 Sept | 36.0 °C | 31 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 15 Sept | 37.2 °C | 25 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 16 Sept | 36.0 °C | 23 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 17 Sept | 35.3 °C | 25 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 18 Sept | 36.1 °C | 23 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 19 Sept | 36.9 °C | 18 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 20 Sept | 37.4 °C | 23 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 21 Sept | 34.5 °C | 33 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 22 Sept after | 28.7 °C | 66 % | 38 km/h | 2.3 mm | Low 8 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 14 September 2024 the air beside the fire reached 42 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 18: 1.2 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1,098Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Pebane fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 6 September 2024 and 21 September 2024: 16 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 25,462 hectares (254.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Pebane (25,601 ha, 2.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 37.4 °C, humidity dropped to 18 % and gusts hit 49 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 45, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.