Pebane fire, 30 September 2021 Pebane
The fire started on 30 September 2021 in Pebane, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 18 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,985 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 524th largest in Zambézia since 2016 (of 841 with a page). Number 124 in Mozambique in 2021, of 233.
Compare with…
Suggestions: Pebane · 2017Pebane · 2020Pebane · 2024Pebane · 2021
- Burnt area
- 3,985ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 18days
- 30 Sept 2021 – 17 Oct 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 30 Sept
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 221
- in a single hotspot: 96 MW
- Danger at start
- 32
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 181MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 24 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 3.3 mm on 11 Oct.
This area had burned before
91% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,385 ha in 2017, 700 ha in 2018, 2,109 ha in 2019, 3,151 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 3,607 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Pebane where it started4,009 ha reached on 30 Sept0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Oct | 30.4 °C | 44 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 8 Oct | 29.7 °C | 34 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 9 Oct | 33.7 °C | 27 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 10 Oct | 37.1 °C | 25 % | 41 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 43 |
| 11 Oct | 30.7 °C | 45 % | 50 km/h | 3.3 mm | Moderate 12 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 221Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 25,462 haPebane1 September 2024 · 21 days · 17 km away
- 18,797 haPebane23 October 2021 · 33 days · 18 km away
- 21,787 haPebane30 September 2022 · 30 days · 22 km away
- 26,957 haPebane3 September 2025 · 28 days · 24 km away
- 31,379 haPebane 7 October 2026 · 20 days · 32 km away
- 51,620 haPebane6 October 2025 · 39 days · 37 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Pebane fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 30 September 2021 to 17 October 2021 (18 days). The perimeter dates it from 7 October 2021 to 10 October 2021.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,985 hectares (39.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Pebane (4,009 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 37.1 °C, humidity dropped to 25 % and gusts hit 44 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 43, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 10 October 2021 → 17 October 2021.
- Start date: 7 October 2021 → 30 September 2021.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 7 October 2021 to 10 October 2021. 221 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.