Burned area
satellite only17,064ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 14 Sept 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
BR · Brazil · –
Palmeirópolis fire, September 2024 Montividiu do Norte, Jaú do Tocantins, Palmeirópolis
Out · last detection 5 Oct 2024, 04:14 UTC
The fire started on 14 September 2024 in Palmeirópolis, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 22 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 17,064 hectares from heat detections, spread across 4 municipalities.
It is the 73th largest in Tocantins since 2016 (of 1036 with a page). Number 168 in Brazil in 2024, of 1301.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only22days
14 Sept 2024 to 5 Oct 2024: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 5 Oct 2024, 04:14 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only14 Sept 2024
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 14 Sept 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only610
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 300 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP + NOAA-20)
- Date
- 14 Sept 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only878MW
Total radiative power on 1 October 2024; hotspots that day: 67.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 1 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model64.1FWI · extreme
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 60.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 14 Sept 2024, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model38.4°C · 16% RH
High of 38.4 °C and minimum humidity of 16% on 3 October 2024; gusts of 48 km/h on 18 September 2024.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 14 Sept 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
Living inside
model≈ 90people
Estimated residents inside the perimeter and 1.4 ha of built-up area (100 m grid, epoch 2025).
- Source
- GHSL R2023A · JRC
- Date
- calculated on 24 October 2026
+− cross-check
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 17,064 ha
- Dates
- 14 Sept 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
- Name
- Palmeirópolis
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/palmeiropolis-2024-09?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire palmeiropolis-2024-09.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-09-14 | 4 | 44 | 34.9 | 19.2 | 20 | 20.1 | 45 | 0 | 64.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-15 | 39 | 467 | 35.6 | 18.4 | 19 | 18.9 | 41.8 | 0 | 63.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-16 | 16 | 157 | 37 | 18.4 | 15 | 15.7 | 35.3 | 0 | 56.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-17 | 13 | 27 | 37.7 | 21.2 | 15 | 9.4 | 24.1 | 0 | 57.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-18 | 8 | 36 | 36.6 | 22.8 | 21 | 22.4 | 47.9 | 0 | 76.1 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-19 | 15 | 149 | 35.9 | 22.9 | 19 | 21.8 | 46.8 | 0 | 68.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-20 | 5 | 27 | 36.1 | 19.2 | 14 | 18.6 | 40.7 | 0 | 68.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-21 | 19 | 102 | 37 | 17.7 | 12 | 14.1 | 32 | 0 | 60 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-22 | 20 | 138 | 37.6 | 19.1 | 13 | 17.4 | 39.6 | 0 | 70.3 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-23 | 9 | 17 | 38 | 18.9 | 15 | 14.5 | 33.8 | 0 | 65.6 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-24 | 10 | 49 | 37.2 | 23 | 18 | 15.7 | 35.3 | 0 | 65.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-25 | 0 | 0 | 36.5 | 20.9 | 18 | 15 | 35.6 | 0 | 67.2 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-26 | 16 | 116 | 36 | 20.4 | 21 | 15.3 | 35.3 | 0 | 61.2 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-27 | 9 | 70 | 37.6 | 20.2 | 18 | 12.1 | 27.7 | 0 | 58.6 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-28 | 10 | 37 | 37.5 | 22.3 | 19 | 11.9 | 32.8 | 0 | 57.9 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-29 | 30 | 264 | 37.5 | 21.8 | 20 | 18 | 40 | 0 | 71.3 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2024-09-30 | 73 | 781 | 36.1 | 23.1 | 19 | 20 | 42.1 | 0 | 68.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-10-01 | 67 | 878 | 35.5 | 19.4 | 20 | 16.9 | 38.9 | 0 | 59.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-10-02 | 52 | 289 | 36.6 | 19 | 20 | 13.4 | 29.2 | 0 | 53.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-10-03 | 77 | 440 | 38.4 | 20 | 16 | 14.1 | 30.2 | 0 | 59 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-10-04 | 102 | 414 | 38.3 | 21.6 | 16 | 14.5 | 34.6 | 0 | 65.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-10-05 | 16 | 52 | 38.1 | 22.4 | 20 | 5.3 | 15.8 | 0 | 43.9 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-06 | 0 | 0 | 38.3 | 23.1 | 26 | 11.3 | 21.2 | 0 | 51.8 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-10-07 | 0 | 0 | 35.2 | 23.2 | 38 | 10.8 | 26.6 | 0.1 | 46.4 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-08 | 0 | 0 | 33.4 | 23.8 | 43 | 5.9 | 21.6 | 0.2 | 30 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-09 | 0 | 0 | 35.9 | 22.1 | 34 | 7.5 | 20.5 | 0 | 35.1 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-10 | 0 | 0 | 34.4 | 23.3 | 42 | 12.5 | 29.5 | 1.4 | 32.3 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 17,064ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 22days
- 14 Sept 2024 – 5 Oct 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 4
- municipalities
- Started on
- 14 Sept
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 610
- in a single hotspot: 300 MW
- Danger at start
- 64
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 217MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
14 Sept5 Oct
5 Oct 2024
How it evolved, day by day
14 Sept
19 Sept
24 Sept
1 Oct
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
38°high
48km/h · peak gust
12%lowest humidity
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.4 mm on 10 Oct.
This area had burned before
55% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 177 ha in 2016, 2,548 ha in 2017, 6,743 ha in 2019, 3,739 ha in 2021, 2,001 ha in 2022, 773 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 9,314 ha that had burned before.
- 5,038 ha Jaú do Tocantins fire, September 2019 10,910 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,705 ha Montividiu do Norte fire, September 2019 3,792 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,600 ha Montividiu do Norte fire, August 2021 3,824 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 177 ha Minaçu fire, September 2016 3,013 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Montividiu do Norte 3,779 inhabitants7,587 ha reached on 22 Sept5.7 %
-
Jaú do Tocantins 3,334 inhabitants6,692 ha reached on 17 Sept3.1 %
-
1,772 ha reached on 14 Sept1.0 %
-
Minaçu 27,075 inhabitants1,127 ha reached on 27 Sept0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area1.4 ha
Residents≈ 90
Inside the perimeter there were about 1.4 hectares of built-up land and about 90 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with Extreme FWI: 46 % of the area in Brazil 60 days without rain: 55 % of the area in Brazil
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 Sept | 34.9 °C | 20 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 15 Sept | 35.6 °C | 19 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 16 Sept | 37.0 °C | 15 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 17 Sept | 37.7 °C | 15 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 18 Sept | 36.6 °C | 21 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 76 |
| 19 Sept | 35.9 °C | 19 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 69 |
| 20 Sept | 36.1 °C | 14 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 68 |
| 21 Sept | 37.0 °C | 12 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 22 Sept | 37.6 °C | 13 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 70 |
| 23 Sept | 38.0 °C | 15 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 66 |
| 24 Sept | 37.2 °C | 18 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 25 Sept | 36.5 °C | 18 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 26 Sept | 36.0 °C | 21 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 27 Sept | 37.6 °C | 18 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 28 Sept | 37.5 °C | 19 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 29 Sept | 37.5 °C | 20 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 71 |
| 30 Sept | 36.1 °C | 19 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 69 |
| 1 Oct | 35.5 °C | 20 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 2 Oct | 36.6 °C | 20 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 3 Oct | 38.4 °C | 16 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 4 Oct | 38.3 °C | 16 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 5 Oct | 38.1 °C | 20 % | 16 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 6 Oct after | 38.3 °C | 26 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 7 Oct after | 35.2 °C | 38 % | 27 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 46 |
| 8 Oct after | 33.4 °C | 43 % | 22 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 30 |
| 9 Oct after | 35.9 °C | 34 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 10 Oct after | 34.4 °C | 42 % | 30 km/h | 1.4 mm | High 32 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 64.1, a minimum humidity of 20% and more than two months without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 43.
FWI at the start
64.1
Minimum humidity
20 %
Days without rain
60+
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Palmeirópolis fire, September 2024
17,064 ha
22 days
FWI 64.1
Min. humidity 20 %
Paranã fire, September 2021
3,216 ha
12 days
FWI 64.8
Min. humidity 21 %
90 km away, in 2021
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 3.7 mm on 25 Sept.
Paranã fire, September 2019
3,131 ha
11 days
FWI 66.2
Min. humidity 20 %
101 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Santa Rosa do Tocantins fire, September 2016
4,034 ha
6 days
FWI 63.8
Min. humidity 20 %
199 km away, in 2016
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Paranã fire, September 2019
95,378 ha
23 days
FWI 66.2
Min. humidity 19 %
63 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 6.0 mm on 29 Sept.
Niquelândia fire, September 2017
18,872 ha
14 days
FWI 64.2
Min. humidity 21 %
163 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
What happened to them
- 10 days
- median duration
- 6,177 ha
- median area
- 26 %
- went past 10,000 ha
- 2.8 mm
- rain at the end (median; 22 of 43 had it)
It was 2.8 times larger than the median of its twins and lasted 22 days, against 10 days.
Only 4 of its 43 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In 21 of 43, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.8 mm.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
1.4 mmfirst rain
10 Oct5 days after it ended
48km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 5 Oct, and on 10 Oct 1.4 mm fell. We do not know whether the rain or the firefighters put it out. Twins with rain when they ended: 22 of 43, with a median of 2.8 mm.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 7 Sept 2024
After · 12 Oct 2024
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 5 October 2024 the air beside the fire reached 64 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 42: 2.8 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak64 µg/m³
Days over the guideline9 days
PM1092 µg/m³
Optical depth0.95
WHO 15
12 Sept19 Sept26 Sept3 Oct10 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 610Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Palmeirópolis fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 14 September 2024 and 5 October 2024: 22 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 17,064 hectares (170.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 4 municipalities: Montividiu do Norte (7,587 ha, 5.7 %); Jaú do Tocantins (6,692 ha, 3.1 %); Palmeirópolis (1,772 ha, 1.0 %); Minaçu (1,127 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.4 °C, humidity dropped to 12 % and gusts hit 48 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 76, class Very extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 43. Their median duration was 10 days and their median area 6,177 ha; 26 % went past 10,000 ha. Only 4 of its 43 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In 21 of 43, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 2.8 mm.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 610 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.