Topleț fire, 14 September 2026 Topleț, Eșelnița
The fire started on 14 September 2026 in Topleț, Romania, and satellites saw it burning for 27 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 828 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 7th largest in Caraș-Severin since 2016 (of 194 with a page). The largest in Romania in 2026, of 59.
The power measured by the satellite is low (15.0 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 828ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- ≈ 27days
- 14 Sept 2026 – 10 Oct 2026
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 14 Sept
- 2026
- Heat detections
- 72
- in a single hotspot: 15 MW
- Danger at start
- 26
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 12MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 32 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
8% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 62 ha in 2021, 26 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 68 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Bucharest boundary: geoBoundaries · World Bank (CC BY 4.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
669 ha reached on 14 Sept7.2 %
-
Eșelnița 2,639 inhabitants · 5.9 km from the centre159 ha reached on 20 Sept0.9 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Broadleaved forest93 %
- Agricultural areas6.6 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 23 %
- ZEPA Munții Almăjului - Locvei ROSPA0080
- LIC Porțile de Fier ROSCI0206
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Sept | 23.8 °C | 27 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 29 Sept | 22.5 °C | 32 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 30 Sept | 21.1 °C | 30 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 1 Oct | 20.1 °C | 31 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 2 Oct | 20.7 °C | 27 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 1 October 2026 the air beside the fire reached 13 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 72Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 1,311 haKladovo Municipality КладовоAugust 2021 · 2 days · 23 km away
- 1,896 haLăpușnicel6 March 2025 · 5 days · 26 km away
- 2,705 haLăpușnicel20 March 2022 · 9 days · 27 km away
- 1,897 haLăpușnicel23 March 2022 · 7 days · 27 km away
- 1,158 haIablanița6 March 2025 · 4 days · 28 km away
- 2,036 haKladovo Municipality КладовоSeptember 2024 · 3 days · 30 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Topleț fire last?
- The official perimeter only gives the start date (14 September 2026). The end comes from the heat detections inside the perimeter: it burned until 10 October 2026 (27 days from 14 September 2026), the last day with detections before more than 10 days in a row without any, so it is approximate.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 828 hectares (8.3 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Topleț (669 ha, 7.2 %); Eșelnița (159 ha, 0.9 %).
- Is the Topleț fire still active?
- No fire detections since 10 Oct 2026, 00:30 UTC. A lack of detections is not an official extinction.
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire started in Topleț and came within 0.8 km of its centre. That is the distance from the perimeter, or the nearest hotspot, to the point marking the centre; it does not mean it entered the houses.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 23.8 °C, humidity dropped to 27 % and gusts hit 34 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 32, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Romania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- The official perimeter has no end date: the end is the last day with VIIRS detections inside the perimeter before a gap of more than 10 days (150 days at most), so it is approximate. 72 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.