Mpanda fire, July 2025 Mpanda
The fire started on 30 July 2025 in Mpanda, Tanzania, and satellites saw it burning for 4 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,327 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 224th largest in Katavi since 2016 (of 271 with a page). Number 134 in Tanzania in 2025, of 161.
- Burnt area
- 3,327ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 4days
- 30 Jul 2025 – 2 Aug 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 30 Jul
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 92
- in a single hotspot: 120 MW
- Danger at start
- 40
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 551MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
98% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 2,059 ha in 2016, 274 ha in 2017, 2,350 ha in 2018, 2,113 ha in 2019, 1,644 ha in 2020, 1,944 ha in 2021, 813 ha in 2022, 186 ha in 2023, 1,409 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 3,266 ha that had burned before.
- 2,189 ha Mpanda fire, August 2018 11,874 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,059 ha Mpanda fire, June 2016 14,197 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,944 ha Mpanda fire, June 2021 6,069 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,426 ha Mpanda fire, June 2019 13,086 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,135 ha Mpanda fire, July 2020 3,337 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 813 ha Mpanda fire, June 2022 4,905 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 172 ha Mpanda fire, August 2017 6,498 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 161 ha Mpanda fire, July 2018 3,580 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Mpanda where it started3,353 ha reached on 29 Jul0.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 Jul | 28.7 °C | 27 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 31 Jul | 29.3 °C | 26 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 1 Aug | 30.4 °C | 26 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 2 Aug | 30.3 °C | 30 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 3 Aug after | 28.6 °C | 28 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 4 Aug after | 28.8 °C | 22 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 5 Aug after | 29.8 °C | 23 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 6 Aug after | 31.2 °C | 24 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 7 Aug after | 30.9 °C | 27 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 8 Aug after | 31.2 °C | 31 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 9 Aug after | 30.6 °C | 33 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 10 Aug after | 30.9 °C | 28 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 11 Aug after | 31.1 °C | 30 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 12 Aug after | 30.8 °C | 28 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 31 July 2025 the air beside the fire reached 51 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 30: 2.0 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 92Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Mpanda fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 30 July 2025 and 2 August 2025: 4 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,327 hectares (33.3 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Mpanda (3,353 ha, 0.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.4 °C, humidity dropped to 26 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 40, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Tanzania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.