Mpanda fire, 4 July 2022 Mpanda, Mlele, Nkasi
The fire started on 4 July 2022 in Mpanda, Tanzania, and satellites saw it burning for 7 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 11,417 hectares from heat detections, spread across 3 municipalities.
It is the 22th largest in Katavi since 2016 (of 271 with a page). Number 5 in Tanzania in 2022, of 71.
- Burnt area
- 11,417ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 7days
- 4 Jul 2022 – 10 Jul 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 3
- districts
- Started on
- 4 Jul
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 355
- in a single hotspot: 143 MW
- Danger at start
- 36
- High · FWI index
- Energy released
- 3.4GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
83% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 4,088 ha in 2016, 798 ha in 2017, 4,617 ha in 2018, 5,395 ha in 2019, 2,133 ha in 2020, 3,242 ha in 2021. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 9,468 ha that had burned before.
- 4,132 ha Mlele fire, June 2019 16,714 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,287 ha Mpanda fire, July 2021 3,782 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 371 ha Mlele fire, June 2020 7,794 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Mpanda where it started6,925 ha reached on 27 Jun0.4 %
-
4,561 ha reached on 5 Jul0.2 %
-
19 ha reached on 7 Jul0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 Jul | 28.4 °C | 30 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 5 Jul | 28.2 °C | 28 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 6 Jul | 28.9 °C | 30 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 7 Jul | 30.0 °C | 23 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 8 Jul | 28.5 °C | 31 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 9 Jul | 28.0 °C | 31 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 10 Jul | 28.6 °C | 26 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 11 Jul after | 27.9 °C | 29 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 12 Jul after | 28.4 °C | 30 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 13 Jul after | 27.9 °C | 32 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 14 Jul after | 29.6 °C | 27 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 15 Jul after | 29.3 °C | 32 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 16 Jul after | 29.3 °C | 30 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 17 Jul after | 27.9 °C | 33 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 18 Jul after | 28.2 °C | 33 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 19 Jul after | 28.0 °C | 31 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 20 Jul after | 28.5 °C | 30 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 355Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Mpanda fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 4 July 2022 and 10 July 2022: 7 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 11,417 hectares (114.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 3 municipalities: Mpanda (6,925 ha, 0.4 %); Mlele (4,561 ha, 0.2 %); Nkasi (19 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.0 °C, humidity dropped to 23 % and gusts hit 44 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 41, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Tanzania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.