Mpanda fire, July 2023 Mpanda
The fire started on 16 July 2023 in Mpanda, Tanzania, and satellites saw it burning for 3 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,716 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 124th largest in Katavi since 2016 (of 271 with a page). Number 17 in Tanzania in 2023, of 44.
- Burnt area
- 4,716ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 3days
- 16 Jul 2023 – 18 Jul 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 16 Jul
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 117
- in a single hotspot: 88 MW
- Danger at start
- 36
- High · FWI index
- Energy released
- 1.5GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
97% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,699 ha in 2016, 2,054 ha in 2017, 3,289 ha in 2018, 2,302 ha in 2019, 2,586 ha in 2020, 1,157 ha in 2021, 1,851 ha in 2022. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 4,571 ha that had burned before.
- 3,527 ha Mpanda fire, June 2016 14,197 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,101 ha Mpanda fire, August 2018 11,874 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,979 ha Mpanda fire, July 2017 3,776 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,660 ha Mpanda fire, July 2020 3,582 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,377 ha Mpanda fire, June 2022 3,420 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,157 ha Mpanda fire, June 2021 6,069 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 964 ha Mpanda fire, June 2019 13,086 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 188 ha Mpanda fire, July 2018 3,580 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Mpanda where it started4,754 ha reached on 16 Jul0.3 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 Jul | 30.1 °C | 28 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 17 Jul | 29.2 °C | 27 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 18 Jul | 29.4 °C | 26 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 19 Jul after | 29.9 °C | 25 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 20 Jul after | 31.2 °C | 26 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 21 Jul after | 30.3 °C | 29 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 22 Jul after | 30.5 °C | 25 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 23 Jul after | 29.9 °C | 28 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 24 Jul after | 31.2 °C | 30 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 25 Jul after | 30.8 °C | 30 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 26 Jul after | 29.9 °C | 23 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 27 Jul after | 28.8 °C | 26 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 28 Jul after | 30.5 °C | 27 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 117Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Mpanda fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 16 July 2023 and 18 July 2023: 3 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,716 hectares (47.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Mpanda (4,754 ha, 0.3 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.1 °C, humidity dropped to 26 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 38, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Tanzania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.