Moramanga fire, 25 October 2024 Moramanga
The fire started on 25 October 2024 in Moramanga, Madagascar, and satellites saw it burning for 9 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,095 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 27th largest in Alaotra-Mangoro since 2016 (of 64 with a page). Number 18 in Madagascar in 2024, of 54.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 3,095ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 9days
- 25 Oct 2024 – 2 Nov 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 25 Oct
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 166
- in a single hotspot: 222 MW
- Danger at start
- 7
- Low · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 458MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 0 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 4.7 mm on 5 Nov.
This area had burned before
94% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,319 ha in 2016, 1,701 ha in 2017, 1,730 ha in 2018, 2,368 ha in 2019, 927 ha in 2020, 1,150 ha in 2021, 1,756 ha in 2022, 563 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,894 ha that had burned before.
- 1,659 ha Moramanga fire, October 2019 7,805 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,270 ha Moramanga fire, September 2018 3,131 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,223 ha Moramanga fire, October 2017 2,870 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 502 ha Moramanga fire, October 2016 2,526 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 479 ha Moramanga fire, October 2017 2,294 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 104 ha Moramanga fire, October 2019 3,488 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Moramanga where it started3,119 ha reached on 25 Oct0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there were about 0.40 hectares of built-up land and about 100 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 Oct | 26.9 °C | 43 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 7 |
| 26 Oct | 29.5 °C | 42 % | 35 km/h | 0.1 mm | Low 11 |
| 27 Oct | 29.4 °C | 45 % | 35 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 28 Oct | 29.1 °C | 49 % | 36 km/h | 1.0 mm | Low 8 |
| 29 Oct | 27.2 °C | 50 % | 33 km/h | 0.2 mm | Low 9 |
| 30 Oct | 28.7 °C | 45 % | 35 km/h | 0.4 mm | Low 11 |
| 31 Oct | 27.5 °C | 48 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 1 Nov | 27.7 °C | 42 % | 34 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 2 Nov | 27.4 °C | 44 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 3 Nov after | 27.1 °C | 49 % | 35 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 4 Nov after | 30.0 °C | 40 % | 38 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 5 Nov after | 25.2 °C | 65 % | 33 km/h | 4.7 mm | Very low 1 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 1 November 2024 the air beside the fire reached 96 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 36: 2.4 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 166Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 7,805 haMoramanga21 October 2019 · 18 days · 1 km away
- 10,052 haMoramangaOctober 2023 · 10 days · 21 km away
- 8,915 haMoramanga4 October 2022 · 21 days · 21 km away
- 6,941 haAnosibe-An'ala6 October 2016 · 22 days · 23 km away
- 14,208 haMoramanga 19 October 2026 · 10 days · 25 km away
- 6,918 haAnosibe-An'alaSeptember 2018 · 26 days · 25 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Moramanga fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 25 October 2024 and 2 November 2024: 9 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,095 hectares (31.0 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Moramanga (3,119 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 29.5 °C, humidity dropped to 42 % and gusts hit 36 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 13, class Moderate.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Madagascar (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 166 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.