Messelmoun fire, November 2025 Hadjret Ennous, Messelmoun
The fire started on 13 November 2025 in Messelmoun, Algeria, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 2,102 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the largest fire in Tipaza since 2016 (of 59 with a page). Number 2 in Algeria in 2025, of 35.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 2,102ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 2days
- 13 Nov 2025 – 14 Nov 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- communes
- Started on
- 13 Nov
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 10
- in a single hotspot: 124 MW
- Danger at start
- 27
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 316MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 3 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 3.2 mm on 17 Nov.
This area had burned before
21% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 81 ha in 2017, 337 ha in 2020, 32 ha in 2021.
- 195 ha Messelmoun fire, August 2020 253 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 130 ha Messelmoun fire, September 2020 844 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 13 ha Messelmoun fire, July 2020 260 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
1,299 ha reached on 14 Nov52 %
-
Messelmoun where it started808 ha reached on 13 Nov4.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Mixed forest74 %
- Other natural land24 %
- Broadleaved forest1.2 %
Land cover inside the perimeter as reported by Copernicus EFFIS (outside the Corine Land Cover area).
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there were about 4.0 hectares of built-up land and about 400 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 Nov | 28.6 °C | 25 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 14 Nov | 24.7 °C | 29 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 15 Nov after | 24.2 °C | 41 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 16 Nov after | 23.5 °C | 43 % | 51 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 22 |
| 17 Nov after | 18.3 °C | 65 % | 52 km/h | 3.2 mm | Very low 4 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 15 November 2025 the air beside the fire reached 14 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 10Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 844 haMesselmounSeptember 2020 · 4 days · 3 km away
- 1,209 haMesselmoun25 July 2020 · 5 days · 9 km away
- 1,368 haGouraya قورايةNovember 2020 · 1 day · 11 km away
- 1,022 haAribJuly 2017 · 4 days · 16 km away
- 1,093 haMesselmounAugust 2022 · 2 days · 19 km away
- 3,363 haEl Amra العامرةAugust 2021 · 5 days · 23 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Messelmoun fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 13 November 2025 and 14 November 2025: 2 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 2,102 hectares (21.0 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Hadjret Ennous (1,299 ha, 52 %); Messelmoun (808 ha, 4.0 %).
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire reached the centre of Hadjret Ennous: the point marking it was inside the burnt area or less than 500 metres from it. That does not mean houses burned.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 28.6 °C, humidity dropped to 25 % and gusts hit 50 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 28, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Algeria (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 14 · 1021 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 10 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.