Burned area
satellite only1,578ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 19 Oct 2019 – 21 Oct 2019
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
ID · Indonesia · –
Merauke fire, 19 October 2019 Merauke
Out · last measured on 21 Oct 2019
The fire started on 19 October 2019 in Merauke, Indonesia, and satellites saw it burning for 3 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 1,578 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 80th largest in Papua since 2016 (of 88 with a page). Number 387 in Indonesia in 2019, of 409.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only3days
19 Oct 2019 to 21 Oct 2019: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 19 Oct 2019 – 21 Oct 2019
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only19 Oct 2019
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 19 Oct 2019
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Danger at the start
model15.0FWI · moderate
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 11.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 19 Oct 2019, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model30.3°C · 54% RH
High of 30.3 °C and minimum humidity of 54% on 20 October 2019; gusts of 42 km/h on 21 October 2019.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 19 Oct 2019 – 21 Oct 2019
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 1,578 ha
- Dates
- 19 Oct 2019 – 21 Oct 2019
- Name
- Merauke
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/merauke-2019-10-8?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire merauke-2019-10-8.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-10-19 | 0 | 0 | 29.8 | 22.9 | 51 | 27.2 | 41 | 0 | 15 | moderado | 1 |
| 2019-10-20 | 0 | 0 | 30.3 | 22.8 | 54 | 25.8 | 39.6 | 0 | 15 | moderado | 1 |
| 2019-10-21 | 0 | 0 | 29.7 | 22.5 | 53 | 29.3 | 42.1 | 0 | 17.2 | moderado | 1 |
| 2019-10-22 | 0 | 0 | 30.7 | 23.6 | 52 | 30 | 43.6 | 0 | 18.2 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-23 | 0 | 0 | 29.6 | 25.2 | 65 | 30.6 | 46.8 | 0.4 | 15.9 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-24 | 0 | 0 | 29.5 | 25.5 | 68 | 23.7 | 38.2 | 0.4 | 12.2 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-25 | 0 | 0 | 29.3 | 24.8 | 67 | 21.9 | 36.7 | 0.4 | 11.9 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-26 | 0 | 0 | 29.6 | 24.9 | 64 | 20 | 30.2 | 0.1 | 11.5 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-27 | 0 | 0 | 30.8 | 25.2 | 61 | 22.6 | 33.5 | 0 | 12.8 | moderado | 0 |
| 2019-10-28 | 0 | 0 | 30.2 | 26 | 63 | 21.7 | 32.8 | 0.7 | 10.8 | bajo | 0 |
| 2019-10-29 | 0 | 0 | 28.7 | 25.6 | 70 | 22.9 | 37.1 | 4.8 | 2.4 | muy_bajo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
We have the GWIS perimeter for this fire, but the VIIRS sensors did not capture it in enough detail: no day-by-day evolution, but the split by municipality is there.
- Burnt area
- 1,578ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 3days
- 19 Oct 2019 – 21 Oct 2019
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- regencies
- Started on
- 19 Oct
- 2019
- Danger at start
- 15
- Moderate · FWI index
Where it burned
The weather it burned in
30°high
42km/h · peak gust
51%lowest humidity
It had gone 11 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 4.8 mm on 29 Oct.
This area had burned before
96% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 14 ha in 2016, 497 ha in 2017, 1,877 ha in 2018. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 1,507 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Jakarta boundary: geoBoundaries · Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS - Statistics Indonesia), World Food Programme, OCHA ROAP (CC BY 3.0 IGO).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Merauke where it started1,592 ha0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 Oct | 29.8 °C | 51 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 20 Oct | 30.3 °C | 54 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 21 Oct | 29.7 °C | 53 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 22 Oct after | 30.7 °C | 52 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 23 Oct after | 29.6 °C | 65 % | 47 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 24 Oct after | 29.5 °C | 68 % | 38 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 25 Oct after | 29.3 °C | 67 % | 37 km/h | 0.4 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 26 Oct after | 29.6 °C | 64 % | 30 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 12 |
| 27 Oct after | 30.8 °C | 61 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 28 Oct after | 30.2 °C | 63 % | 33 km/h | 0.7 mm | Low 11 |
| 29 Oct after | 28.7 °C | 70 % | 37 km/h | 4.8 mm | Very low 2 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 15.0, a minimum humidity of 51% and 11 days without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 20.
FWI at the start
15.0
Minimum humidity
51 %
Days without rain
11
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Merauke fire, 19 October 2019
1,578 ha
3 days
FWI 15.0
Min. humidity 51 %
Merauke fire, November 2019
3,186 ha
7 days
FWI 15.3
Min. humidity 51 %
27 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 2.4 mm on 4 Dec.
Merauke fire, August 2023
1,959 ha
4 days
FWI 17.3
Min. humidity 48 %
155 km away, in 2023
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 5.4 mm on 9 Sept.
Merauke fire, October 2023
2,478 ha
10 days
FWI 9.0
Min. humidity 51 %
141 km away, in 2023
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 2.0 mm on 28 Oct.
Merauke fire, October 2023
1,542 ha
4 days
FWI 13.9
Min. humidity 46 %
156 km away, in 2023
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.1 mm on 28 Oct.
Merauke fire, November 2017
1,993 ha
4 days
FWI 10.8
Min. humidity 46 %
49 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 9.4 mm on 8 Nov.
What happened to them
- 6 days
- median duration
- 2,054 ha
- median area
- 100 %
- went past 1,000 ha
- 2.2 mm
- rain at the end (median; 20 of 20 had it)
It burned an area similar to its twins (1,578 ha against a median of 2,054 ha) and lasted 3 days, against 6 days.
All of them had rain in the ten days after the end: the first rainy day brought a median of 2.2 mm.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
4.8 mmfirst rain
29 Oct8 days after it ended
42km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 21 Oct, and on 29 Oct 4.8 mm fell. We do not know whether the rain or the firefighters put it out. Twins with rain when they ended: 20 of 20, with a median of 2.2 mm.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 12 Oct 2019
After · 28 Oct 2019
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Merauke fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 19 October 2019 and 21 October 2019: 3 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 1,578 hectares (15.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Merauke (1,592 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.3 °C, humidity dropped to 51 % and gusts hit 42 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 17, class Moderate.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Indonesia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 20. Their median duration was 6 days and their median area 2,054 ha; 100 % went past 1,000 ha. All of them had rain in the ten days after the end: the first rainy day brought a median of 2.2 mm.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. No Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.