Lumaco fire, 2 February 2023 Lumaco, Traiguén
The fire started on 2 February 2023 in Lumaco, Chile, and satellites saw it burning for 8 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 9,086 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 7th largest in Región de La Araucanía since 2016 (of 159 with a page). Number 13 in Chile in 2023, of 70.
Compare with…
Suggestions: Lumaco · 2017Lumaco · 2022Lumaco · 2022Lumaco · 2020
- Burnt area
- 9,086ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 8days
- 2 Feb 2023 – 9 Feb 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- communes
- Started on
- 2 Feb
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 554
- in a single hotspot: 406 MW
- Danger at start
- 24
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 1.7GW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 8 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
47% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 839 ha in 2017, 1,028 ha in 2019, 722 ha in 2020, 540 ha in 2021, 2,362 ha in 2022. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 4,236 ha that had burned before.
- 839 ha Lumaco fire, January 2017 2,745 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 824 ha Lumaco fire, December 2022 3,081 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 421 ha Lumaco fire, December 2022 2,415 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 258 ha Lumaco fire, January 2020 1,535 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 11 ha Lumaco fire, February 2021 1,366 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Lumaco where it started8,988 ha reached on 2 Feb8.1 %
-
106 ha reached on 4 Feb0.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there were about 15 hectares of built-up land and about 600 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 Feb | 27.0 °C | 32 % | 54 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 3 Feb | 37.0 °C | 21 % | 55 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 4 Feb | 35.2 °C | 23 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 5 Feb | 27.4 °C | 40 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 6 Feb | 27.8 °C | 33 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 7 Feb | 27.8 °C | 23 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 8 Feb | 27.5 °C | 39 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 9 Feb | 28.3 °C | 35 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 10 Feb after | 24.8 °C | 40 % | 37 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 23 |
| 11 Feb after | 25.7 °C | 35 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 21 |
| 12 Feb after | 21.0 °C | 59 % | 46 km/h | 0.6 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 13 Feb after | 20.8 °C | 44 % | 42 km/h | 0.6 mm | Moderate 17 |
| 14 Feb after | 20.6 °C | 52 % | 33 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 15 Feb after | 21.4 °C | 52 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 16 Feb after | 19.8 °C | 36 % | 55 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 17 Feb after | 25.3 °C | 12 % | 52 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 18 Feb after | 27.3 °C | 20 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 19 Feb after | 24.3 °C | 43 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 5 February 2023 the air beside the fire reached 307 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 158: 11 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 554Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 7,678 haLumaco1 February 2023 · 11 days · 17 km away
- 16,772 haLumacoJanuary 2023 · 14 days · 19 km away
- 10,252 haGalvarino3 February 2023 · 7 days · 19 km away
- 12,385 haTraiguénMarch 2025 · 7 days · 30 km away
- 10,183 haGalvarino7 February 2022 · 15 days · 34 km away
- 13,252 haLos SaucesDecember 2021 · 7 days · 37 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Lumaco fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 2 February 2023 and 9 February 2023: 8 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 9,086 hectares (90.9 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Lumaco (8,988 ha, 8.1 %); Traiguén (106 ha, 0.1 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 37.0 °C, humidity dropped to 21 % and gusts hit 55 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 38, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Chile (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 130 (CONAF) · 132 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 554 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.