Lukulu fire, 20 August 2025 Lukulu
The fire started on 20 August 2025 in Lukulu, Zambia, and satellites saw it burning for 25 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 10,115 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 11th largest in Western since 2016 (of 162 with a page). Number 41 in Zambia in 2025, of 271.
Compare with…
Suggestions: Lukulu · 2017Lukulu · 2022Lukulu · 2019Lukulu · 2019
- Burnt area
- 10,115ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 25days
- 20 Aug 2025 – 13 Sept 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 20 Aug
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 421
- in a single hotspot: 99 MW
- Danger at start
- 49
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 197MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
98% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 4,446 ha in 2016, 4,571 ha in 2017, 861 ha in 2018, 5,211 ha in 2019, 1,406 ha in 2020, 6,066 ha in 2021, 6,122 ha in 2022, 2,449 ha in 2023, 3,848 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 9,877 ha that had burned before.
- 2,901 ha Lukulu fire, September 2017 4,078 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,188 ha Lukulu fire, September 2022 6,920 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 688 ha Lukulu fire, August 2019 3,807 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 550 ha Lukulu fire, September 2019 4,330 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Lukulu where it started10,162 ha reached on 20 Aug1.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 Aug | 29.5 °C | 12 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 21 Aug | 29.8 °C | 12 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 22 Aug | 31.5 °C | 12 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 23 Aug | 32.7 °C | 8 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 24 Aug | 32.4 °C | 8 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 25 Aug | 32.5 °C | 13 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 26 Aug | 34.0 °C | 20 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 27 Aug | 33.6 °C | 8 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 28 Aug | 32.4 °C | 10 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 29 Aug | 33.0 °C | 12 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 30 Aug | 33.4 °C | 8 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 31 Aug | 32.3 °C | 10 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 1 Sept | 32.4 °C | 11 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 2 Sept | 31.3 °C | 8 % | 54 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 3 Sept | 30.3 °C | 13 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 4 Sept | 31.5 °C | 11 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 5 Sept | 32.6 °C | 11 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 6 Sept | 33.6 °C | 9 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 7 Sept | 34.7 °C | 7 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 8 Sept | 34.1 °C | 10 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 9 Sept | 34.3 °C | 9 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 10 Sept | 33.4 °C | 11 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 11 Sept | 34.0 °C | 11 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 12 Sept | 33.5 °C | 17 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 13 Sept | 30.6 °C | 19 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 14 Sept after | 34.6 °C | 11 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 15 Sept after | 34.9 °C | 9 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 16 Sept after | 36.3 °C | 8 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 17 Sept after | 36.9 °C | 7 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 18 Sept after | 36.7 °C | 9 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 19 Sept after | 34.4 °C | 12 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 20 Sept after | 35.0 °C | 19 % | 52 km/h | 0.1 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 21 Sept after | 34.0 °C | 15 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 22 Sept after | 35.3 °C | 14 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 23 Sept after | 36.3 °C | 10 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 3 September 2025 the air beside the fire reached 60 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 42: 2.8 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 421Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 7,450 haLukulu20 September 2021 · 10 days · 16 km away
- 12,419 haLukulu3 September 2019 · 29 days · 19 km away
- 7,112 haLukulu2 July 2024 · 12 days · 25 km away
- 9,739 haLukulu12 August 2026 · 24 days · 27 km away
- 13,352 haLukulu6 September 2019 · 16 days · 35 km away
- 13,615 haLukulu5 August 2024 · 18 days · 39 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Lukulu fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 20 August 2025 to 13 September 2025 (25 days). The perimeter dates it from 27 August 2025 to 7 September 2025.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 10,115 hectares (101.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Lukulu (10,162 ha, 1.1 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 34.7 °C, humidity dropped to 7 % and gusts hit 54 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 64, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Zambia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 7 September 2025 → 13 September 2025.
- Start date: 27 August 2025 → 20 August 2025.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 27 August 2025 to 7 September 2025. 421 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.