Longochuk fire, December 2023 Longochuk
The fire started on 25 December 2023 in Longochuk, South Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 10 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 5,461 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 244th largest in Upper Nile since 2016 (of 284 with a page). Number 93 in South Sudan in 2023, of 106.
- Burnt area
- 5,461ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 10days
- 25 Dec 2023 – 3 Jan 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- counties
- Started on
- 25 Dec
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 132
- in a single hotspot: 53 MW
- Danger at start
- 59
- Extreme · FWI index
- Energy released
- 1.3GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 36 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
29% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 18 ha in 2016, 488 ha in 2017, 1,136 ha in 2020.
What happened to each town
-
Longochuk where it started5,498 ha reached on 25 Dec0.8 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 Dec | 39.1 °C | 14 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 26 Dec | 38.6 °C | 16 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 27 Dec | 38.7 °C | 17 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 28 Dec | 37.5 °C | 17 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 29 Dec | 37.8 °C | 13 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 30 Dec | 37.9 °C | 13 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 31 Dec | 37.7 °C | 12 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 1 Jan | 37.7 °C | 12 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 2 Jan | 38.7 °C | 13 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 3 Jan | 38.0 °C | 11 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 4 Jan after | 38.2 °C | 12 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 5 Jan after | 37.2 °C | 11 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 6 Jan after | 37.5 °C | 11 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 7 Jan after | 37.8 °C | 11 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 8 Jan after | 38.4 °C | 10 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 9 Jan after | 39.3 °C | 12 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 10 Jan after | 39.5 °C | 12 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 11 Jan after | 39.5 °C | 12 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 12 Jan after | 38.3 °C | 14 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 13 Jan after | 38.5 °C | 14 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 132Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Longochuk fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 25 December 2023 and 3 January 2024: 10 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 5,461 hectares (54.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Longochuk (5,498 ha, 0.8 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 39.1 °C, humidity dropped to 11 % and gusts hit 43 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 62, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of South Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.