Inhuma fire, September 2021 Inhuma, São José do Piauí
The fire started on 26 September 2021 in Inhuma, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 14 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,551 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 423th largest in Piaui since 2016 (of 804 with a page). Number 450 in Brazil in 2021, of 814.
- Burnt area
- 4,551ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 14days
- 26 Sept 2021 – 9 Oct 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 26 Sept
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 182
- in a single hotspot: 77 MW
- Danger at start
- 45
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 1.9GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 1.3 mm on 21 Oct.
This area had burned before
22% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 604 ha in 2016, 435 ha in 2019.
What happened to each town
-
3,987 ha reached on 26 Sept4.0 %
-
São José do Piauí 6,597 inhabitants594 ha reached on 27 Sept1.6 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Sept | 35.5 °C | 29 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 27 Sept | 36.2 °C | 23 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 28 Sept | 36.1 °C | 23 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 29 Sept | 35.3 °C | 27 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 30 Sept | 35.0 °C | 30 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 1 Oct | 34.3 °C | 34 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 2 Oct | 35.4 °C | 23 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 3 Oct | 36.4 °C | 18 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 4 Oct | 36.9 °C | 19 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 5 Oct | 36.5 °C | 23 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 6 Oct | 36.9 °C | 18 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 7 Oct | 36.4 °C | 20 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 8 Oct | 36.5 °C | 26 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 9 Oct | 36.5 °C | 23 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 10 Oct after | 36.2 °C | 25 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 11 Oct after | 36.3 °C | 27 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 12 Oct after | 36.0 °C | 31 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 13 Oct after | 37.5 °C | 24 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 14 Oct after | 36.2 °C | 23 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 15 Oct after | 36.3 °C | 27 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 16 Oct after | 36.6 °C | 23 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 17 Oct after | 37.1 °C | 25 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 18 Oct after | 35.8 °C | 27 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 19 Oct after | 34.0 °C | 35 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 20 Oct after | 33.5 °C | 42 % | 32 km/h | 0.6 mm | High 29 |
| 21 Oct after | 32.5 °C | 45 % | 27 km/h | 1.3 mm | Moderate 20 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 182Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Inhuma fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 26 September 2021 and 9 October 2021: 14 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,551 hectares (45.5 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Inhuma (3,987 ha, 4.0 %); São José do Piauí (594 ha, 1.6 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 37.5 °C, humidity dropped to 18 % and gusts hit 43 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 50, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.