Harmanli fire, June 2024 Харманли · Harmanli, Lyubimets
The fire started on 23 June 2024 in Harmanli, Bulgaria, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 1,446 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 6th largest in Haskovo since 2016 (of 46 with a page). Number 5 in Bulgaria in 2024, of 62.
The power measured by the satellite is low (28.7 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 1,446ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 2days
- 23 Jun 2024 – 24 Jun 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 23 Jun
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 40
- in a single hotspot: 29 MW
- Danger at start
- 19
- Moderate · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 78MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 8 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 19.9 mm on 3 Jul.
This area had burned before
67% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 839 ha in 2016, 305 ha in 2021, 280 ha in 2022. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 969 ha that had burned before.
- 839 ha Lyubimets fire, August 2016 1,168 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 305 ha Lyubimets fire, July 2021 317 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 280 ha Lyubimets fire, August 2022 512 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Sofia boundary: geoBoundaries · geoBoundaries, Wikimedia (Public Domain).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
725 ha reached on 23 Jun1.1 %
-
724 ha reached on 23 Jun2.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Agricultural areas43 %
- Scrub and transitional woodland35 %
- Mixed forest9.8 %
- Other natural land7.7 %
- Broadleaved forest4.6 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 100 %
- ZEPA + LIC Sakar BG0000212 · BG0002021
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there were about 0.46 hectares of built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Jun | 30.2 °C | 39 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 24 Jun | 30.1 °C | 36 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 25 Jun after | 30.3 °C | 46 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 21 |
| 26 Jun after | 29.3 °C | 41 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 21 |
| 27 Jun after | 29.7 °C | 38 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 28 Jun after | 28.6 °C | 36 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 29 Jun after | 30.3 °C | 31 % | 54 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 30 Jun after | 31.7 °C | 29 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 1 Jul after | 32.5 °C | 28 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 2 Jul after | 34.3 °C | 30 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 3 Jul after | 25.1 °C | 42 % | 49 km/h | 19.9 mm | Very low 4 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 25 June 2024 the air beside the fire reached 10 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 40Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 1,374 haSvilengrad СвиленградAugust 2023 · 2 days · 8 km away
- 1,259 haTopolovgrad Тополовград30 August 2016 · 3 days · 8 km away
- 2,719 haHarmanli ХарманлиAugust 2025 · 5 days · 10 km away
- 8,124 haSvilengrad Свиленград13 July 2024 · 6 days · 16 km away
- 1,531 haTopolovgrad ТополовградSeptember 2020 · 2 days · 23 km away
- 7,848 haElhovo ЕлховоJuly 2025 · 6 days · 29 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Harmanli fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 23 June 2024 and 24 June 2024: 2 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 1,446 hectares (14.5 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Harmanli (725 ha, 1.1 %); Lyubimets (724 ha, 2.2 %).
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire came within 11.0 km of the centre of Lyubimets, the closest of the areas it touched. That is the distance from the perimeter, or the nearest hotspot, to the point marking the centre; it does not mean it entered the houses.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 30.2 °C, humidity dropped to 36 % and gusts hit 39 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 21, class Moderate.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Bulgaria (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 40 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Public Domain). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.