Grajaú fire, August 2022 Grajaú
The fire started on 26 August 2022 in Grajaú, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 8 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 9,012 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 74th largest in Maranhão since 2016 (of 607 with a page). Number 135 in Brazil in 2022, of 687.
- Burnt area
- 9,012ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 8days
- 26 Aug 2022 – 2 Sept 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- municipalities
- Started on
- 26 Aug
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 236
- in a single hotspot: 113 MW
- Danger at start
- 38
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 4.2GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
62% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,252 ha in 2017, 3,684 ha in 2019, 1 ha in 2021. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 5,553 ha that had burned before.
- 1,741 ha Grajaú fire, August 2019 10,506 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,041 ha Grajaú fire, October 2019 3,568 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 916 ha Barra do Corda fire, August 2017 100,645 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 150 ha Grajaú fire, September 2017 4,273 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1 ha Grajaú fire, September 2021 3,355 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
9,077 ha reached on 26 Aug1.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Aug | 34.6 °C | 24 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 27 Aug | 34.6 °C | 26 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 28 Aug | 34.6 °C | 26 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 29 Aug | 36.0 °C | 24 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 30 Aug | 35.1 °C | 28 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 31 Aug | 34.0 °C | 30 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 1 Sept | 34.1 °C | 27 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 2 Sept | 34.6 °C | 28 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 3 Sept after | 34.5 °C | 29 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 4 Sept after | 36.6 °C | 26 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 5 Sept after | 36.1 °C | 28 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 6 Sept after | 35.9 °C | 24 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 7 Sept after | 35.4 °C | 27 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 8 Sept after | 35.0 °C | 28 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 9 Sept after | 35.4 °C | 27 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 10 Sept after | 36.0 °C | 23 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 11 Sept after | 35.9 °C | 30 % | 31 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 40 |
| 12 Sept after | 33.8 °C | 37 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 13 Sept after | 35.1 °C | 30 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 14 Sept after | 36.0 °C | 33 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 31 August 2022 the air beside the fire reached 70 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 30: 2.0 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 236Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Grajaú fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 26 August 2022 and 2 September 2022: 8 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 9,012 hectares (90.1 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Grajaú (9,077 ha, 1.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.6 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 46 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 48, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.