Castro Daire fire, 16 October 2017 Mões, Moledo
The fire started on 16 October 2017 in Mões, Portugal, and satellites saw it burning for 2 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 866 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 5th largest in Castro Daire since 2016 (of 16 with a page). Number 66 in Portugal in 2017, of 211.
The power measured by the satellite is low (4.0 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 866ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 2days
- 16 Oct 2017 – 17 Oct 2017
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- freguesias
- Started on
- 16 Oct
- 2017
- Heat detections
- 1
- in a single hotspot: 4 MW
- Danger at start
- 35
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 4MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
16 Oct 2017 · 4 MW · 1
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 47 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 17.3 mm on 18 Oct.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Lisbon boundary: geoBoundaries · geoBoundaries, DG Territory (CC0 1.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
766 ha reached on 16 Oct17 %
-
Moledo 1,049 inhabitants · 1.6 km from the centre101 ha2.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Coniferous forest43 %
- Scrub and transitional woodland35 %
- Other natural land15 %
- Agricultural areas6.3 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 7 %
- LIC Rio Paiva PTCON0059
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
Official record
According to ICNF, this fire started on 15 October 2017 and burned 1,265 ha (the satellite measured 866 ha). The two figures differ a lot, so these may not be exactly the same fire: take them as nearby records.
- Castro Daire Mões 15 October 2017 · 16:23 1,265 ha · extinguished on 17 October 2017 · cause: arson
ICNF (Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas). This is the agency’s operational record: its figures may be revised when the year’s statistics are closed.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 Oct | 22.0 °C | 32 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 17 Oct | 16.3 °C | 51 % | 54 km/h | 17.7 mm | Very low 1 |
| 18 Oct after | 13.8 °C | 62 % | 45 km/h | 17.3 mm | Very low 0 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 16 October 2017 the air beside the fire reached 403 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 200: 13 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 35,523 haCastro Daire União das Freguesias de Picão e ErmidaSeptember 2024 · 10 days · 10 km away
- 78,447 haTrancoso Trancoso (São Pedro e Santa Maria) e Souto MaiorAugust 2025 · 11 days · 23 km away
- 19,317 haVouzela AlcofraOctober 2017 · 4 days · 29 km away
- 8,554 haPenalva do Castelo Vila Cova do Covelo/MarecoSeptember 2024 · 5 days · 31 km away
- 30,331 haArouca Santa EuláliaAugust 2016 · 9 days · 36 km away
- 8,253 haChaveOctober 2017 · 5 days · 39 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Castro Daire fire last?
- Copernicus dates it between 16 October 2017 and 17 October 2017: 2 days between the first and last image with fire.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 866 hectares (8.7 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Mões (766 ha, 17 %); Moledo (101 ha, 2.2 %).
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire started in Mões and reached its centre: the point marking it was inside the burnt area or less than 500 metres from it. That does not mean houses burned.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 22.0 °C, humidity dropped to 32 % and gusts hit 54 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 35, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Portugal (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
- ICNF · Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas ↗
- ANEPC · Proteção Civil ↗
- Fogos.pt (ocorrências em tempo real) ↗
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. One Suomi-NPP VIIRS detection on those dates.
- Compared with ICNF: 1,265 official ha against 866 ha of perimeter; similar, but with reservations.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.