Bumba fire, 27 February 2024 Bumba
The fire started on 27 February 2024 in Bumba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and satellites saw it burning for 17 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 24,645 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 9th largest in Mongala since 2016 (of 27 with a page). Number 14 in Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2024, of 133.
- Burnt area
- 24,645ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 17days
- 27 Feb 2024 – 14 Mar 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- territories
- Started on
- 27 Feb
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 1,551
- in a single hotspot: 319 MW
- Danger at start
- 25
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 1.6GW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 2 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.5 mm on 20 Mar.
This area had burned before
84% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,787 ha in 2016, 14,842 ha in 2017, 5,207 ha in 2018, 5,316 ha in 2019, 12,784 ha in 2020, 13,044 ha in 2021, 2,335 ha in 2022, 262 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 20,643 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Bumba where it started24,815 ha reached on 21 Feb1.6 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 Feb | 35.2 °C | 28 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 22 Feb | 36.6 °C | 27 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 23 Feb | 35.3 °C | 29 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 24 Feb | 33.6 °C | 40 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 25 Feb | 33.4 °C | 37 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 26 Feb | 34.7 °C | 36 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 27 Feb | 35.0 °C | 39 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 28 Feb | 34.8 °C | 41 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 29 Feb | 36.5 °C | 35 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 1 Mar | 36.1 °C | 34 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 2 Mar | 35.1 °C | 34 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 3 Mar | 35.9 °C | 36 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 4 Mar | 38.0 °C | 29 % | 17 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 5 Mar | 38.8 °C | 25 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 6 Mar | 36.7 °C | 28 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 7 Mar | 35.0 °C | 37 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 8 Mar | 32.6 °C | 34 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 9 Mar | 36.7 °C | 28 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 31 |
| 10 Mar | 37.9 °C | 30 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 11 Mar | 31.5 °C | 48 % | 30 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 28 |
| 12 Mar | 38.1 °C | 29 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 13 Mar | 38.0 °C | 35 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 14 Mar | 36.9 °C | 36 % | 33 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 38 |
| 15 Mar after | 33.4 °C | 39 % | 20 km/h | 0.4 mm | High 31 |
| 16 Mar after | 36.9 °C | 32 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 17 Mar after | 36.7 °C | 33 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 18 Mar after | 37.8 °C | 30 % | 19 km/h | 1.1 mm | High 29 |
| 19 Mar after | 35.8 °C | 38 % | 28 km/h | 5.5 mm | Low 9 |
| 20 Mar after | 29.1 °C | 62 % | 36 km/h | 2.5 mm | Very low 5 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 29 February 2024 the air beside the fire reached 121 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 72: 4.8 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1,551Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Bumba fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 27 February 2024 and 14 March 2024: 17 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 24,645 hectares (246.4 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Bumba (24,815 ha, 1.6 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.8 °C, humidity dropped to 25 % and gusts hit 36 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 38, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Democratic Republic of the Congo (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.