Azum fire, November 2023 Zalingi, Wadi Salih, Azum
The fire started on 29 November 2023 in Azum, Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 7 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,981 hectares from heat detections, spread across 3 municipalities.
It is the 10th largest in Central Darfur since 2016 (of 45 with a page). Number 17 in Sudan in 2023, of 95.
- Burnt area
- 3,981ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 7days
- 29 Nov 2023 – 5 Dec 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 3
- localities
- Started on
- 29 Nov
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 192
- in a single hotspot: 58 MW
- Danger at start
- 45
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 827MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 50 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
21% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 850 ha in 2020.
What happened to each town
-
2,305 ha reached on 1 Dec0.4 %
-
1,699 ha reached on 28 Nov0.5 %
-
Azum where it started0 ha reached on 28 Nov0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 Nov | 33.9 °C | 11 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 30 Nov | 33.2 °C | 12 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 1 Dec | 33.2 °C | 14 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 2 Dec | 33.2 °C | 14 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 3 Dec | 33.1 °C | 13 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 4 Dec | 32.5 °C | 12 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 5 Dec | 32.0 °C | 12 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 50 |
| 6 Dec after | 31.9 °C | 11 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 7 Dec after | 31.8 °C | 11 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 8 Dec after | 31.2 °C | 10 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 47 |
| 9 Dec after | 31.8 °C | 10 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 10 Dec after | 32.3 °C | 11 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 11 Dec after | 31.8 °C | 10 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 12 Dec after | 29.8 °C | 11 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 13 Dec after | 29.7 °C | 13 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 14 Dec after | 29.3 °C | 11 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 15 Dec after | 29.0 °C | 8 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 192Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Azum fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 29 November 2023 and 5 December 2023: 7 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,981 hectares (39.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 3 municipalities: Zalingi (2,305 ha, 0.4 %); Wadi Salih (1,699 ha, 0.5 %); Azum (0 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 33.9 °C, humidity dropped to 11 % and gusts hit 26 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 50, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.