Arraias fire, September 2022 Arraias
The fire started on 27 September 2022 in Arraias, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 16 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,682 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 657th largest in Tocantins since 2016 (of 1243 with a page). Number 328 in Brazil in 2022, of 687.
The power measured by the satellite is low (29.1 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 4,682ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 16days
- 27 Sept 2022 – 12 Oct 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- municipalities
- Started on
- 27 Sept
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 159
- in a single hotspot: 29 MW
- Danger at start
- 19
- Moderate · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 76MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone one day without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
73% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,327 ha in 2017, 266 ha in 2019.
- 3,130 ha Arraias fire, August 2017 7,641 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 151 ha Arraias fire, October 2019 5,018 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 115 ha Arraias fire, August 2019 15,809 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
4,715 ha reached on 27 Sept0.8 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 Sept | 31.8 °C | 18 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 28 Sept | 32.2 °C | 19 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 29 Sept | 32.0 °C | 23 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 30 Sept | 33.6 °C | 20 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 1 Oct | 30.9 °C | 31 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 2 Oct | 30.8 °C | 31 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 3 Oct | 31.6 °C | 26 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 4 Oct | 31.0 °C | 32 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 5 Oct | 31.7 °C | 33 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 6 Oct | 33.5 °C | 21 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 7 Oct | 27.7 °C | 45 % | 37 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 22 |
| 8 Oct | 30.7 °C | 33 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 9 Oct | 30.9 °C | 35 % | 40 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 27 |
| 10 Oct | 32.8 °C | 18 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 11 Oct | 32.6 °C | 20 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 12 Oct | 31.9 °C | 21 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 13 Oct after | 30.7 °C | 26 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 14 Oct after | 32.2 °C | 23 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 15 Oct after | 31.6 °C | 24 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 16 Oct after | 31.2 °C | 22 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 17 Oct after | 31.8 °C | 21 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 18 Oct after | 32.3 °C | 23 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 19 Oct after | 32.4 °C | 21 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 20 Oct after | 32.9 °C | 20 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 21 Oct after | 29.9 °C | 31 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 22 Oct after | 29.6 °C | 34 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 8 October 2022 the air beside the fire reached 57 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 40: 2.7 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 159Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 15,809 haArraias11 August 2019 · 25 days · 13 km away
- 17,047 haMonte Alegre de Goiás27 September 2025 · 21 days · 26 km away
- 16,862 haMonte Alegre de Goiás10 September 2021 · 14 days · 27 km away
- 22,189 haArraiasJuly 2021 · 44 days · 35 km away
- 18,716 haArraias11 September 2019 · 17 days · 36 km away
- 13,788 haArraias26 August 2019 · 20 days · 36 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Arraias fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 27 September 2022 to 12 October 2022 (16 days). The perimeter dates it from 27 September 2022 to 6 October 2022.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,682 hectares (46.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Arraias (4,715 ha, 0.8 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 33.6 °C, humidity dropped to 18 % and gusts hit 40 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 36, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 6 October 2022 → 12 October 2022.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 27 September 2022 to 6 October 2022. 159 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.