Amarante fire, September 2021 Francisco Ayres, Amarante
The fire started on 21 September 2021 in Amarante, Brazil, and satellites saw it burning for 8 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,118 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 489th largest in Piaui since 2016 (of 804 with a page). Number 525 in Brazil in 2021, of 814.
The power measured by the satellite is low (30.0 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
- Burnt area
- 4,118ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 8days
- 21 Sept 2021 – 28 Sept 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 21 Sept
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 118
- in a single hotspot: 30 MW
- Danger at start
- 39
- Very high · FWI index
- Energy released
- 1.0GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 4.9 mm on 2 Oct.
This area had burned before
56% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,293 ha in 2018, 1,307 ha in 2019. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,324 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Francisco Ayres 4,412 inhabitants3,418 ha reached on 22 Sept5.2 %
-
727 ha reached on 21 Sept0.6 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 Sept | 36.6 °C | 28 % | 23 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 39 |
| 22 Sept | 38.2 °C | 25 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 23 Sept | 38.1 °C | 24 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 24 Sept | 36.5 °C | 26 % | 37 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 48 |
| 25 Sept | 36.3 °C | 30 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 26 Sept | 37.2 °C | 27 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 27 Sept | 36.8 °C | 26 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 28 Sept | 36.9 °C | 25 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 48 |
| 29 Sept after | 36.5 °C | 26 % | 26 km/h | 0.9 mm | High 32 |
| 30 Sept after | 35.0 °C | 41 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 1 Oct after | 34.1 °C | 45 % | 32 km/h | 0.3 mm | High 31 |
| 2 Oct after | 35.2 °C | 36 % | 36 km/h | 4.9 mm | Low 11 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 118Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Amarante fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 21 September 2021 and 28 September 2021: 8 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,118 hectares (41.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Francisco Ayres (3,418 ha, 5.2 %); Amarante (727 ha, 0.6 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.2 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 49, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Brazil (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 193
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.