Burned area
satellite only8,866ha
Union of 2 GWIS (Copernicus) perimeters: overlapping areas count once.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 5 Dec 2024 – 19 Dec 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
SD · Sudan · –
Al Leri fire, 5 December 2024 Al Leri
Out · last detection 20 Dec 2024, 11:26 UTC
The fire started on 5 December 2024 in Al Leri, Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 15 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 8,866 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 12th largest in South Kordofan since 2016 (of 314 with a page). Number 6 in Sudan in 2024, of 89.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-27matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only15days
5 Dec 2024 to 19 Dec 2024: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 20 Dec 2024, 11:26 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only5 Dec 2024
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 5 Dec 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only213
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 103 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 5 Dec 2024 – 19 Dec 2024
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only1,705MW
Total radiative power on 8 December 2024; hotspots that day: 65.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 8 Dec 2024
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model55.8FWI · extreme
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 39.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 5 Dec 2024, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model39.3°C · 12% RH
High of 39.3 °C and minimum humidity of 12% on 8 December 2024; gusts of 47 km/h on 8 December 2024.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 5 Dec 2024 – 19 Dec 2024
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
logLast day with fire: 16 December 2024 → 19 December 2024.
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 27 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 8,892 ha
- Dates
- 5 Dec 2024 – 19 Dec 2024
- Name
- Al Leri
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/al-leri-2024-12-2?v=2026-10-27A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire al-leri-2024-12-2.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-12-05 | 27 | 517 | 36.4 | 24.3 | 16 | 18.7 | 38.5 | 0 | 55.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-06 | 32 | 858 | 37.1 | 24.2 | 19 | 17.7 | 38.2 | 0 | 54.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-07 | 10 | 112 | 38.4 | 25.2 | 16 | 19.8 | 41 | 0 | 57.9 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-08 | 65 | 1,705 | 39.3 | 26 | 12 | 23.3 | 47.2 | 0 | 64.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-09 | 18 | 196 | 38.3 | 24.8 | 14 | 18.7 | 37.8 | 0 | 58.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-10 | 6 | 50 | 38.4 | 25.2 | 16 | 21 | 42.5 | 0 | 62 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-11 | 12 | 64 | 38.4 | 25.5 | 16 | 18.7 | 38.9 | 0 | 59.2 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-12 | 2 | 23 | 37.9 | 25.1 | 19 | 11.8 | 29.2 | 0 | 49.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2024-12-13 | 9 | 22 | 38.4 | 25.2 | 18 | 13.9 | 31.7 | 0 | 52.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-14 | 9 | 66 | 37.4 | 26.6 | 16 | 21.2 | 42.1 | 0 | 61.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-15 | 3 | 16 | 36.9 | 25.2 | 18 | 21.4 | 43.2 | 0 | 61.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-16 | 16 | 129 | 37.6 | 25.3 | 19 | 19.9 | 41 | 0 | 59.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-17 | 1 | 5 | 38.3 | 25.8 | 17 | 17.4 | 36.7 | 0 | 56.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-18 | 0 | 0 | 38.4 | 25.6 | 15 | 15.8 | 35.3 | 0 | 54.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-19 | 2 | 21 | 38.3 | 25.2 | 14 | 14.1 | 31.7 | 0 | 52.6 | extremo | 1 |
| 2024-12-20 | 1 | 4 | 37.7 | 26.1 | 13 | 24.5 | 49 | 0 | 66.8 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-21 | 0 | 0 | 36.1 | 23.6 | 10 | 23.4 | 46.4 | 0 | 65.5 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-22 | 0 | 0 | 35.7 | 22.2 | 13 | 21 | 42.5 | 0 | 62.4 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-23 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 22.3 | 14 | 17.8 | 37.8 | 0 | 58.4 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-24 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 23.2 | 14 | 21 | 43.2 | 0 | 63 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-25 | 0 | 0 | 36.4 | 23 | 11 | 19.4 | 40 | 0 | 61.1 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-26 | 0 | 0 | 36.5 | 23 | 10 | 19.4 | 40 | 0 | 61.3 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-27 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 23.5 | 13 | 18.1 | 38.2 | 0 | 59.8 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-28 | 0 | 0 | 35.7 | 24.4 | 17 | 20.3 | 41.8 | 0 | 60.7 | extremo | 0 |
| 2024-12-29 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 23.6 | 19 | 20.1 | 40 | 0 | 59.3 | extremo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 8,866ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 15days
- 5 Dec 2024 – 19 Dec 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- localities
- Started on
- 5 Dec
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 213
- in a single hotspot: 103 MW
- Danger at start
- 56
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 253MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
5 Dec19 Dec
20 Dec 2024
How it evolved, day by day
5 Dec
8 Dec
11 Dec
14 Dec
17 Dec
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
39°high
47km/h · peak gust
12%lowest humidity
It had gone 39 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
92% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,611 ha in 2016, 2,522 ha in 2017, 1,518 ha in 2019, 2,983 ha in 2020, 4,584 ha in 2021, 2,041 ha in 2022, 2,820 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 8,113 ha that had burned before.
- 3,503 ha Al Leri fire, November 2016 7,190 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,597 ha Panyikang fire, December 2023 13,536 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,570 ha Al Leri fire, November 2021 87,376 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,127 ha Panyikang fire, November 2017 12,192 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,015 ha Al Leri fire, November 2021 27,495 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 785 ha Al Leri fire, November 2020 4,954 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 751 ha Al Leri fire, December 2019 7,903 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 395 ha Panyikang fire, December 2017 9,038 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Al Leri where it started6,797 ha reached on 5 Dec0.9 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Dec | 36.4 °C | 16 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 6 Dec | 37.1 °C | 19 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 7 Dec | 38.4 °C | 16 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 8 Dec | 39.3 °C | 12 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 9 Dec | 38.3 °C | 14 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 10 Dec | 38.4 °C | 16 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 11 Dec | 38.4 °C | 16 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 12 Dec | 37.9 °C | 19 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 13 Dec | 38.4 °C | 18 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 14 Dec | 37.4 °C | 16 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 15 Dec | 36.9 °C | 18 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 16 Dec | 37.6 °C | 19 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
| 17 Dec | 38.3 °C | 17 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 18 Dec | 38.4 °C | 15 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 19 Dec | 38.3 °C | 14 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 20 Dec after | 37.7 °C | 13 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 21 Dec after | 36.1 °C | 10 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 66 |
| 22 Dec after | 35.7 °C | 13 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 23 Dec after | 36.0 °C | 14 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 24 Dec after | 36.0 °C | 14 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 63 |
| 25 Dec after | 36.4 °C | 11 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 26 Dec after | 36.5 °C | 10 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 27 Dec after | 37.0 °C | 13 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 28 Dec after | 35.7 °C | 17 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 29 Dec after | 37.0 °C | 19 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 59 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 55.8, a minimum humidity of 16% and 39 days without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 21.
FWI at the start
55.8
Minimum humidity
16 %
Days without rain
39
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Al Leri fire, 5 December 2024
8,866 ha
15 days
FWI 55.8
Min. humidity 16 %
Al Leri fire, December 2021
2,467 ha
1 day
FWI 54.0
Min. humidity 15 %
30 km away, in 2021
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Abu Jubayhah fire, December 2019
3,301 ha
12 days
FWI 54.9
Min. humidity 17 %
106 km away, in 2019
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Al Leri fire, December 2017
3,582 ha
9 days
FWI 56.2
Min. humidity 16 %
27 km away, in 2017
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Ghadeer fire, December 2023
6,390 ha
6 days
FWI 55.5
Min. humidity 14 %
65 km away, in 2023
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
Talawdi fire, December 2016
2,742 ha
10 days
FWI 55.1
Min. humidity 17 %
99 km away, in 2016
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
What happened to them
- 8 days
- median duration
- 3,582 ha
- median area
- 14 %
- went past 10,000 ha
- —
- rain at the end (median; 0 of 21 had it)
It was 2.5 times larger than the median of its twins and lasted 15 days, against 8 days.
Only 3 of its 21 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In none of them did 1 mm fall in the ten days after the end: they all went out without rain.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
—first rain
—no rain in ten days
47km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 19 Dec, and not even 1 mm fell in the following ten days: it went out without rain. None of its 21 twins had rain when they ended.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 28 Nov 2024
After · 26 Dec 2024
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 9 December 2024 the air beside the fire reached 156 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 93: 6.2 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak156 µg/m³
Days over the guideline17 days
PM10163 µg/m³
Optical depth1.57
WHO 15
3 Dec7 Dec11 Dec15 Dec19 Dec
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 213Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Al Leri fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 5 December 2024 to 19 December 2024 (15 days). The perimeter dates it from 5 December 2024 to 16 December 2024.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 8,866 hectares (88.7 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Al Leri (6,797 ha, 0.9 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 39.3 °C, humidity dropped to 12 % and gusts hit 47 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 64, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 21. Their median duration was 8 days and their median area 3,582 ha; 14 % went past 10,000 ha. Only 3 of its 21 twins burned more. The weather on the first day does not explain everything: the wind in the following days, the fuel and the firefighting also count. In none of them did 1 mm fall in the ten days after the end: they all went out without rain.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 16 December 2024 → 19 December 2024.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery; 2 polygons grouped in this page.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 5 December 2024 to 16 December 2024. 213 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.