Ghadeer fire, 14 December 2025 Al Leri, Ghadeer
The fire started on 14 December 2025 in Ghadeer, Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 32 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 26,225 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 3th largest in South Kordofan since 2016 (of 447 with a page). Number 2 in Sudan in 2025, of 390.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 26,225ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 32days
- 14 Dec 2025 – 14 Jan 2026
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- localities
- Started on
- 14 Dec
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 660
- in a single hotspot: 367 MW
- Danger at start
- 54
- Extreme · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 299MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 51 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
96% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,550 ha in 2016, 8,825 ha in 2017, 9,159 ha in 2019, 10,122 ha in 2020, 16,515 ha in 2021, 3,762 ha in 2022, 6,503 ha in 2023, 7,618 ha in 2024, 105 ha in 2025. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 25,075 ha that had burned before.
- 14,660 ha Al Leri fire, November 2021 88,958 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 4,801 ha Ghadeer fire, November 2019 17,958 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 4,394 ha Al Leri fire, December 2024 12,311 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,582 ha Al Leri fire, November 2020 6,432 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,456 ha Al Leri fire, November 2017 4,322 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,002 ha Al Leri fire, December 2020 2,969 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,234 ha Al Leri fire, November 2023 2,001 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,232 ha Al Leri fire, November 2020 5,347 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
25,330 ha reached on 15 Dec3.4 %
-
Ghadeer where it started1,038 ha reached on 14 Dec0.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 Dec | 35.0 °C | 20 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 15 Dec | 33.7 °C | 15 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 16 Dec | 32.7 °C | 12 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 17 Dec | 33.4 °C | 13 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 18 Dec | 32.7 °C | 11 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 19 Dec | 34.9 °C | 15 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 20 Dec | 34.3 °C | 14 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 21 Dec | 34.5 °C | 14 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 22 Dec | 34.8 °C | 13 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 23 Dec | 35.4 °C | 13 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 24 Dec | 36.4 °C | 17 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 25 Dec | 37.5 °C | 15 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 50 |
| 26 Dec | 37.0 °C | 16 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 27 Dec | 36.3 °C | 18 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 28 Dec | 35.6 °C | 12 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 29 Dec | 35.5 °C | 9 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 30 Dec | 34.1 °C | 9 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 66 |
| 31 Dec | 33.6 °C | 10 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 1 Jan | 35.5 °C | 11 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 2 Jan | 36.0 °C | 12 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 3 Jan | 36.0 °C | 12 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 4 Jan | 36.1 °C | 17 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 5 Jan | 35.8 °C | 16 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 6 Jan | 36.1 °C | 17 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 7 Jan | 36.5 °C | 20 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 8 Jan | 37.8 °C | 15 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 9 Jan | 38.2 °C | 14 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 10 Jan | 35.4 °C | 15 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 11 Jan | 35.8 °C | 16 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 12 Jan | 36.6 °C | 16 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 13 Jan | 36.2 °C | 17 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 14 Jan | 35.4 °C | 17 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 15 Jan after | 34.0 °C | 19 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 16 Jan after | 33.6 °C | 14 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 17 Jan after | 35.3 °C | 14 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 18 Jan after | 36.4 °C | 14 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 19 Jan after | 36.8 °C | 13 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 20 Jan after | 37.9 °C | 16 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 21 Jan after | 37.7 °C | 14 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 22 Jan after | 38.2 °C | 12 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 23 Jan after | 38.9 °C | 11 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 24 Jan after | 39.7 °C | 9 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 26 December 2025 the air beside the fire reached 65 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 37: 2.5 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 660Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Ghadeer fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 14 December 2025 to 14 January 2026 (32 days). The perimeter dates it from 19 December 2025 to 9 January 2026.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 26,225 hectares (262.2 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Al Leri (25,330 ha, 3.4 %); Ghadeer (1,038 ha, 0.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.2 °C, humidity dropped to 9 % and gusts hit 48 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 66, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 9 January 2026 → 14 January 2026.
- Start date: 19 December 2025 → 14 December 2025.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery; 7 polygons grouped in this page.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 19 December 2025 to 9 January 2026. 660 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.