Burned area
satellite only6,580ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 23 Oct 2025 – 28 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
SD · Sudan · –
Um Baru fire, 23 October 2025 Um Baru, Kernoi
Out · last measured on 28 Oct 2025
The fire started on 23 October 2025 in Um Baru, Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 6 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 6,580 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
Number 48 in Sudan in 2025, of 342.
GWIS near-real-time perimeter, from the layer that changed in August 2025: this fire is not compared with fires from earlier years, because since then the GWIS layer gives more and larger perimeters.
Use this data
Compare with…
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Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only6days
23 Oct 2025 to 28 Oct 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 23 Oct 2025 – 28 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only23 Oct 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 23 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Danger at the start
model60.4FWI · extreme
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 28.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 23 Oct 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model35.3°C · 14% RH
High of 35.3 °C and minimum humidity of 14% on 24 October 2025; gusts of 42 km/h on 24 October 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 23 Oct 2025 – 28 Oct 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 6,580 ha
- Dates
- 23 Oct 2025 – 28 Oct 2025
- Name
- Um Baru
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/um-baru-2025-10-4?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire um-baru-2025-10-4.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-10-23 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 20.8 | 10 | 21.2 | 40 | 0 | 60.4 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-24 | 0 | 0 | 35.3 | 21 | 14 | 23.4 | 41.8 | 0 | 63.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-25 | 0 | 0 | 33.8 | 23.6 | 17 | 20.1 | 38.9 | 0 | 56 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-26 | 0 | 0 | 34.7 | 21.1 | 12 | 21.6 | 41.4 | 0 | 58.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-27 | 0 | 0 | 33.2 | 19.9 | 11 | 17.5 | 33.1 | 0 | 53.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-28 | 0 | 0 | 33.5 | 19.4 | 12 | 15.8 | 30.2 | 0 | 52.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-29 | 0 | 0 | 33.7 | 19.8 | 12 | 17.3 | 31.7 | 0 | 54.4 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-10-30 | 0 | 0 | 33.4 | 20.7 | 12 | 18.9 | 32 | 0 | 56.8 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-10-31 | 0 | 0 | 32.6 | 19.2 | 11 | 18 | 34.9 | 0 | 56.1 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-01 | 0 | 0 | 32.7 | 18.9 | 13 | 16.9 | 33.1 | 0 | 55 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-02 | 0 | 0 | 33.3 | 19 | 13 | 15 | 26.3 | 0 | 53.1 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-03 | 0 | 0 | 34.4 | 22.1 | 15 | 21.2 | 33.5 | 0 | 61 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-04 | 0 | 0 | 34.5 | 22.8 | 13 | 20.4 | 36.4 | 0 | 60.2 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-05 | 0 | 0 | 33.9 | 20.8 | 13 | 18.8 | 30.6 | 0 | 58.5 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-06 | 0 | 0 | 33.4 | 19.4 | 12 | 16.9 | 30.6 | 0 | 56.3 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-11-07 | 0 | 0 | 33.4 | 19.8 | 13 | 17.9 | 31.7 | 0 | 58 | extremo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
We have the GWIS perimeter for this fire, but not yet its hotspots: NASA publishes the yearly hotspot archive only once the year closes. The page picks them up automatically when they are available.
- Burnt area
- 6,580ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 6days
- 23 Oct 2025 – 28 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- localities
- Started on
- 23 Oct
- 2025
- Danger at start
- 60
- Extreme · FWI index
Where it burned
The weather it burned in
35°high
42km/h · peak gust
10%lowest humidity
It had gone 28 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
20% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,324 ha in 2022.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Um Baru where it started4,877 ha0.3 %
-
1,713 ha0.2 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with Very dry air: 55 % of the area in Sudan
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Oct | 35.0 °C | 10 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 24 Oct | 35.3 °C | 14 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 25 Oct | 33.8 °C | 17 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 26 Oct | 34.7 °C | 12 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 27 Oct | 33.2 °C | 11 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 28 Oct | 33.5 °C | 12 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 29 Oct after | 33.7 °C | 12 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 30 Oct after | 33.4 °C | 12 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 31 Oct after | 32.6 °C | 11 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 1 Nov after | 32.7 °C | 13 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 2 Nov after | 33.3 °C | 13 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 3 Nov after | 34.4 °C | 15 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 4 Nov after | 34.5 °C | 13 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 5 Nov after | 33.9 °C | 13 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 6 Nov after | 33.4 °C | 12 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 7 Nov after | 33.4 °C | 13 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 16 Oct 2025
After · 4 Nov 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 25 October 2025 the air beside the fire reached 44 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 32: 2.1 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak44 µg/m³
Days over the guideline9 days
PM10242 µg/m³
Optical depth0.56
WHO 15
21 Oct24 Oct27 Oct30 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Other fires nearby
- 10,646 haUm Baru14 December 2025 · 6 days · 11 km away
- 3,601 haUm Baru29 December 2024 · 3 days · 12 km away
- 15,315 haKernoiOctober 2025 · 10 days · 18 km away
- 3,760 haAs SeriefDecember 2024 · 4 days · 24 km away
- 4,087 haUm Baru9 December 2025 · 4 days · 27 km away
- 5,935 haUm Baru17 October 2025 · 4 days · 33 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Um Baru fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 23 October 2025 and 28 October 2025: 6 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 6,580 hectares (65.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Um Baru (4,877 ha, 0.3 %); Kernoi (1,713 ha, 0.2 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 35.3 °C, humidity dropped to 10 % and gusts hit 42 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 64, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. No Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.