Ulanga fire, 11 September 2020 Ulanga, Kilombero
The fire started on 11 September 2020 in Ulanga, Tanzania, and satellites saw it burning for 16 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,266 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 80th largest in Morogoro since 2016 (of 141 with a page). Number 88 in Tanzania in 2020, of 187.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 4,266ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 16days
- 11 Sept 2020 – 26 Sept 2020
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- districts
- Started on
- 11 Sept
- 2020
- Heat detections
- 155
- in a single hotspot: 68 MW
- Danger at start
- 26
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 62MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 18 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
5% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 77 ha in 2016, 220 ha in 2018. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 221 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Ulanga where it started3,884 ha reached on 12 Sept0.2 %
-
402 ha reached on 19 Sept0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Sept | 31.8 °C | 37 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 13 Sept | 33.5 °C | 32 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 31 |
| 14 Sept | 32.4 °C | 38 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 15 Sept | 31.3 °C | 41 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 16 Sept | 32.7 °C | 34 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 17 Sept | 32.8 °C | 34 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 18 Sept | 31.0 °C | 37 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 19 Sept | 31.3 °C | 38 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 20 Sept | 31.2 °C | 39 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 21 Sept | 30.4 °C | 45 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 22 Sept | 32.4 °C | 36 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 23 Sept | 32.7 °C | 36 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 27 |
| 24 Sept | 31.3 °C | 38 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 25 Sept | 31.8 °C | 37 % | 32 km/h | 0.3 mm | High 32 |
| 26 Sept | 33.0 °C | 36 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 27 Sept after | 33.3 °C | 36 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 28 Sept after | 31.1 °C | 46 % | 34 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 31 |
| 29 Sept after | 31.9 °C | 45 % | 31 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 30 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 155Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 8,093 haUlanga5 October 2018 · 11 days · 23 km away
- 8,344 haUlanga2 September 2021 · 13 days · 25 km away
- 18,941 haUlanga3 September 2025 · 26 days · 29 km away
- 10,802 haKilombero4 September 2020 · 19 days · 33 km away
- 9,426 haKilomberoNovember 2018 · 7 days · 39 km away
- 8,461 haKilomberoDecember 2025 · 5 days · 39 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Ulanga fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 11 September 2020 to 26 September 2020 (16 days). The perimeter dates it from 12 September 2020 to 19 September 2020.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,266 hectares (42.7 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Ulanga (3,884 ha, 0.2 %); Kilombero (402 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 33.5 °C, humidity dropped to 32 % and gusts hit 35 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 34, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Tanzania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 19 September 2020 → 26 September 2020.
- Start date: 12 September 2020 → 11 September 2020.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 12 September 2020 to 19 September 2020. 155 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.