Tsumkwe fire, 23 September 2022 Tsumkwe, Mashare
The fire started on 23 September 2022 in Tsumkwe, Namibia, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,763 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 127th largest in Otjozondjupa since 2016 (of 212 with a page). Number 76 in Namibia in 2022, of 119.
- Burnt area
- 2,763ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 5days
- 23 Sept 2022 – 27 Sept 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- constituencies
- Started on
- 23 Sept
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 82
- in a single hotspot: 81 MW
- Danger at start
- 54
- Extreme · FWI index
- Energy released
- 853MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
47% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,286 ha in 2018.
What happened to each town
-
Tsumkwe where it started2,331 ha reached on 23 Sept0.1 %
-
443 ha reached on 24 Sept0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Sept | 34.7 °C | 6 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 24 Sept | 36.3 °C | 8 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 25 Sept | 35.8 °C | 14 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 26 Sept | 36.0 °C | 14 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 27 Sept | 35.9 °C | 13 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 28 Sept after | 36.7 °C | 10 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 29 Sept after | 35.2 °C | 14 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
| 30 Sept after | 35.7 °C | 11 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 1 Oct after | 36.8 °C | 11 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 64 |
| 2 Oct after | 36.8 °C | 10 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 66 |
| 3 Oct after | 37.2 °C | 10 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 4 Oct after | 37.7 °C | 8 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 61 |
| 5 Oct after | 38.6 °C | 8 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 71 |
| 6 Oct after | 37.6 °C | 10 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 65 |
| 7 Oct after | 37.8 °C | 9 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 67 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 82Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Tsumkwe fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 23 September 2022 and 27 September 2022: 5 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,763 hectares (27.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Tsumkwe (2,331 ha, 0.1 %); Mashare (443 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 36.3 °C, humidity dropped to 6 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 62, class Extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Namibia (OCHA COD-AB). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from OCHA COD-AB (Namibia Statistics Agency (NSA)) (Creative Commons Attribution for Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY-IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.