Burned area
satellite only5,628ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 9 Nov 2025 – 17 Nov 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
SS · South Sudan · –
Tonj North fire, November 2025 Tonj North
Out · last detection 13 Nov 2025, 10:39 UTC
The fire started on 9 November 2025 in Tonj North, South Sudan, and satellites saw it burning for 9 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 5,628 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
Number 194 in South Sudan in 2025, of 235.
GWIS near-real-time perimeter, from the layer that changed in August 2025: this fire is not compared with fires from earlier years, because since then the GWIS layer gives more and larger perimeters.
Use this data
Compare with…
Suggestions: Tonj North · 2021
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-26matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only9days
9 Nov 2025 to 17 Nov 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 13 Nov 2025, 10:39 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only9 Nov 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 9 Nov 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only99
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 57 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP + NOAA-20)
- Date
- 9 Nov 2025 – 17 Nov 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only1,114MW
Total radiative power on 13 November 2025; hotspots that day: 60.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 13 Nov 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model25.0FWI · high
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 19.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 9 Nov 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model35.1°C · 25% RH
High of 35.1 °C and minimum humidity of 25% on 12 November 2025; gusts of 32 km/h on 14 November 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 9 Nov 2025 – 17 Nov 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
Living inside
model≈ 150people
Estimated residents inside the perimeter and 0.76 ha of built-up area (100 m grid, epoch 2025).
- Source
- GHSL R2023A · JRC
- Date
- calculated on 24 October 2026
+− cross-check
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
logLast day with fire: 14 November 2025 → 17 November 2025.
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 26 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 5,628 ha
- Dates
- 9 Nov 2025 – 17 Nov 2025
- Name
- Tonj North
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/tonj-north-2025-11?v=2026-10-26A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire tonj-north-2025-11.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-11-09 | 36 | 592 | 33.2 | 20.6 | 26 | 10.3 | 17.6 | 0 | 25 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-10 | 3 | 32 | 33.2 | 21.2 | 31 | 9 | 17.6 | 0 | 24.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-11 | 0 | 0 | 34.6 | 23 | 28 | 9.6 | 19.1 | 0 | 25.8 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-12 | 0 | 0 | 35.1 | 22.3 | 25 | 13 | 28.4 | 0 | 28.8 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-13 | 60 | 1,114 | 34.9 | 24.5 | 30 | 14.2 | 29.5 | 0.1 | 30.4 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-14 | 0 | 0 | 34.2 | 21.9 | 20 | 14.9 | 32.4 | 0 | 33.3 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-15 | 0 | 0 | 32.2 | 20.9 | 20 | 15.1 | 31 | 0 | 34.2 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-16 | 0 | 0 | 31.5 | 19.5 | 23 | 12.7 | 27.4 | 0 | 32.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-17 | 0 | 0 | 32.7 | 19.7 | 25 | 11.7 | 27 | 0 | 32.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-11-18 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 19.6 | 27 | 14.1 | 32 | 0 | 35.2 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-19 | 0 | 0 | 34.6 | 21.8 | 26 | 14.4 | 32.4 | 0 | 36.1 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-20 | 0 | 0 | 34.1 | 22.6 | 23 | 14.6 | 33.1 | 0 | 36.9 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-21 | 0 | 0 | 34.1 | 21.1 | 25 | 10.6 | 23.8 | 0 | 34 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-22 | 0 | 0 | 34.4 | 20.9 | 24 | 16.4 | 28.1 | 0 | 39.8 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-23 | 0 | 0 | 35.1 | 22.7 | 24 | 11.7 | 26.3 | 0 | 36.1 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-24 | 0 | 0 | 35.3 | 20.6 | 25 | 14.4 | 29.2 | 0 | 39.1 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-25 | 0 | 0 | 34.6 | 21.3 | 27 | 12.8 | 27.4 | 0 | 37.4 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-26 | 0 | 0 | 34.7 | 21.8 | 19 | 16.2 | 34.2 | 0 | 41.1 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-11-27 | 0 | 0 | 34.2 | 19.8 | 20 | 14 | 29.9 | 0 | 39.5 | muy_alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 5,628ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 9days
- 9 Nov 2025 – 17 Nov 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- counties
- Started on
- 9 Nov
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 99
- in a single hotspot: 57 MW
- Danger at start
- 25
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 579MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
9 Nov17 Nov
13 Nov 2025
How it evolved, day by day
9 Nov
10 Nov
13 Nov
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
35°high
32km/h · peak gust
20%lowest humidity
It had gone 19 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
71% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,261 ha in 2016, 634 ha in 2017, 955 ha in 2018, 116 ha in 2019, 1,110 ha in 2020, 937 ha in 2021, 1,555 ha in 2023, 969 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 3,998 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Tonj North where it started5,662 ha reached on 9 Nov0.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area0.76 ha
Residents≈ 150
Inside the perimeter there were about 0.76 hectares of built-up land and about 150 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 Nov | 33.2 °C | 26 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 10 Nov | 33.2 °C | 31 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 11 Nov | 34.6 °C | 28 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 12 Nov | 35.1 °C | 25 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 13 Nov | 34.9 °C | 30 % | 30 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 30 |
| 14 Nov | 34.2 °C | 20 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 15 Nov | 32.2 °C | 20 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 16 Nov | 31.5 °C | 23 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 17 Nov | 32.7 °C | 25 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 18 Nov after | 34.0 °C | 27 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 19 Nov after | 34.6 °C | 26 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 20 Nov after | 34.1 °C | 23 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 21 Nov after | 34.1 °C | 25 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 22 Nov after | 34.4 °C | 24 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 23 Nov after | 35.1 °C | 24 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 24 Nov after | 35.3 °C | 25 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 25 Nov after | 34.6 °C | 27 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 26 Nov after | 34.7 °C | 19 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 27 Nov after | 34.2 °C | 20 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 2 Nov 2025
After · 24 Nov 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 16 November 2025 the air beside the fire reached 44 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 29: 2.0 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak44 µg/m³
Days over the guideline9 days
PM1093 µg/m³
Optical depth0.53
WHO 15
7 Nov10 Nov13 Nov16 Nov
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 99Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Tonj North fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 9 November 2025 to 17 November 2025 (9 days). The perimeter dates it from 9 November 2025 to 14 November 2025.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 5,628 hectares (56.3 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Tonj North (5,662 ha, 0.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 35.1 °C, humidity dropped to 20 % and gusts hit 32 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 34, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of South Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 14 November 2025 → 17 November 2025.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 9 November 2025 to 14 November 2025. 99 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.