Thoen fire, February 2024 เถิน · Thoen
The fire started on 29 February 2024 in Thoen, Thailand, and satellites saw it burning for 15 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,933 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 33th largest in Lampang Province since 2016 (of 216 with a page). Number 48 in Thailand in 2024, of 277.
The power measured by the satellite is low (19.1 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Compare with…
Suggestions: Thoen · 2021Thoen · 2019Thoen · 2026Sam Ngao · 2023
- Burnt area
- 2,933ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 15days
- 29 Feb 2024 – 14 Mar 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 29 Feb
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 111
- in a single hotspot: 19 MW
- Danger at start
- 23
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 38MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 25 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.9 mm on 19 Mar.
This area had burned before
70% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 286 ha in 2016, 177 ha in 2017, 604 ha in 2018, 1,093 ha in 2019, 133 ha in 2020, 1,114 ha in 2021, 484 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,061 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Bangkok boundary: geoBoundaries · OpenStreetMap, Wambacher · © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL 1.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
2,945 ha reached on 29 Feb1.6 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 Feb | 35.7 °C | 47 % | 29 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 23 |
| 26 Feb | 35.8 °C | 43 % | 31 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 22 |
| 27 Feb | 35.5 °C | 42 % | 33 km/h | 0.4 mm | High 23 |
| 28 Feb | 35.6 °C | 42 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 29 Feb | 37.7 °C | 30 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 1 Mar | 38.1 °C | 27 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 2 Mar | 34.6 °C | 55 % | 38 km/h | 1.9 mm | Low 11 |
| 3 Mar | 37.4 °C | 32 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 4 Mar | 37.7 °C | 27 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 5 Mar | 38.5 °C | 25 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 6 Mar | 37.8 °C | 31 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 7 Mar | 37.1 °C | 35 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 31 |
| 8 Mar | 37.6 °C | 33 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 9 Mar | 37.9 °C | 26 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 10 Mar | 38.2 °C | 21 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 11 Mar | 37.6 °C | 32 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 12 Mar | 37.4 °C | 31 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 13 Mar | 37.0 °C | 25 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 14 Mar | 37.2 °C | 26 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 15 Mar after | 37.0 °C | 29 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 16 Mar after | 38.0 °C | 29 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 17 Mar after | 37.2 °C | 33 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 18 Mar after | 38.7 °C | 33 % | 19 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 19 Mar after | 36.5 °C | 42 % | 31 km/h | 2.9 mm | Moderate 14 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 16 March 2024 the air beside the fire reached 49 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 36: 2.4 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 111Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Thoen fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 29 February 2024 to 14 March 2024 (15 days). The perimeter dates it from 3 March 2024 to 13 March 2024.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,933 hectares (29.3 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Thoen (2,945 ha, 1.6 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 38.5 °C, humidity dropped to 21 % and gusts hit 43 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 40, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Thailand (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 199 · 191 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 13 March 2024 → 14 March 2024.
- Start date: 3 March 2024 → 29 February 2024.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 3 March 2024 to 13 March 2024. 111 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.