Sulina fire, October 2022 Sulina
The fire started on 26 October 2022 in Sulina, Romania, and satellites saw it burning for 9 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 1,334 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across a single municipality.
This record is fire in the reed beds of the Danube Delta, not a forest fire. Thousands of hectares of reed burn in the delta every year, mostly between January and April, and many of these burns are deliberate. That is why it is left out of the fire rankings.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 1,334ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 9days
- 26 Oct 2022 – 3 Nov 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- municipalities
- Started on
- 26 Oct
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 63
- in a single hotspot: 73 MW
- Danger at start
- 14
- Moderate · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 177MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 23 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.7 mm on 11 Nov.
This area had burned before
100% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 160 ha in 2017, 1,226 ha in 2019, 1,310 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 1,332 ha that had burned before.
- 1,214 ha C.A. Rosetti fire, February 2019 3,179 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 927 ha Sulina fire, February 2020 2,817 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 384 ha Sulina fire, March 2020 1,250 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 160 ha Sulina fire, February 2017 1,964 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 12 ha Sulina fire, February 2019 926 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Bucharest boundary: geoBoundaries · World Bank (CC BY 4.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
1,335 ha reached on 26 Oct4.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Other natural land100 %
Natura 2000 protected area affected: 100 %
- LIC Delta Dunării ROSCI0065
- ZEPA Delta Dunării și Complexul Razim - Sinoie ROSPA0031
Natura 2000 sites (European Environment Agency, 2024 release) crossed by the perimeter.
Land cover inside the perimeter according to Corine Land Cover, as reported by Copernicus.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Oct | 20.2 °C | 50 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 27 Oct | 19.3 °C | 47 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 11 |
| 28 Oct | 16.4 °C | 51 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 29 Oct | 18.3 °C | 54 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 30 Oct | 21.5 °C | 52 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 31 Oct | 18.9 °C | 43 % | 41 km/h | 0.3 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 1 Nov | 16.0 °C | 38 % | 18 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 2 Nov | 21.0 °C | 47 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 3 Nov | 17.5 °C | 46 % | 35 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 16 |
| 4 Nov after | 16.2 °C | 57 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 5 Nov after | 16.8 °C | 69 % | 48 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 15 |
| 6 Nov after | 16.4 °C | 69 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 14 |
| 7 Nov after | 12.4 °C | 63 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 11 |
| 8 Nov after | 13.7 °C | 58 % | 17 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 8 |
| 9 Nov after | 13.8 °C | 63 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 9 |
| 10 Nov after | 15.4 °C | 65 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Low 10 |
| 11 Nov after | 11.3 °C | 83 % | 30 km/h | 2.7 mm | Very low 1 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 26 October 2022 the air beside the fire reached 18 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 63Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 7,618 haSulina14 February 2025 · 7 days · 5 km away
- 7,692 haSulina20 March 2022 · 9 days · 7 km away
- 10,843 haSfântu GheorgheJanuary 2025 · 5 days · 23 km away
- 6,700 haChilia Veche31 March 2022 · 4 days · 23 km away
- 6,252 haKiliia Кілійський район24 March 2022 · 9 days · 23 km away
- 9,392 haSfântu Gheorghe18 March 2022 · 5 days · 29 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Sulina fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 26 October 2022 to 3 November 2022 (9 days). The perimeter dates it from 26 October 2022 to 1 November 2022.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 1,334 hectares (13.3 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Sulina (1,335 ha, 4.1 %).
- Did the fire reach a town?
- The fire started in Sulina and came within 3.5 km of its centre. That is the distance from the perimeter, or the nearest hotspot, to the point marking the centre; it does not mean it entered the houses.
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 21.5 °C, humidity dropped to 38 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 16, class Moderate.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Romania (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 112 · Emergency number and official warnings ›
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 26 October 2022 to 1 November 2022. 63 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Probably a vegetation burn: not counted in the totals.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.