How long did the Loikaw fire last?

According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 20 February 2024 to 11 March 2024 (21 days). The perimeter dates it from 27 February 2024 to 6 March 2024.

How much area did it burn?

The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,836 hectares (38.4 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.

Which municipalities burned?

The fire entered 2 municipalities: Shadaw (2,269 ha, 1.0 %); Loikaw (1,586 ha, 1.0 %).

What was the weather like?

During the fire the temperature reached 37.5 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 36 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 36, class High.

Where does this data come from?

From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Myanmar (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

MM · Myanmar · 2024-02-20 → 2024-03-11

Loikaw fire, 20 February 2024 Shadaw, Loikaw

Out · last detection 12 Mar 2024, 06:30 UTC

The fire started on 20 February 2024 in Loikaw, Myanmar, and satellites saw it burning for 21 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,836 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.

It is the 73th largest in Kayah since 2016 (of 209 with a page). Number 55 in Myanmar in 2024, of 174.

The power measured by the satellite is low (24.3 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.

Compare with…

Suggestions: Loikaw · 2023 Shadaw · 2020 Shadaw · 2026 Shadaw · 2023

Burnt area: 3,836ha; GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
Duration: 21days; 20 Feb 2024 – 11 Mar 2024
Municipalities hit: 2; municipalities
Started on: 20 Feb; 2024
Heat detections: 155; in a single hotspot: 24 MW
Danger at start: 32; High · FWI index
Average daily power: 34MW; detected power per day, on average

HOTSPOTS BY DAY 20 Feb11 Mar

Play back 12 Mar 2024

How it evolved, day by day

20 Feb 24 Feb 27 Feb 1 Mar 2 Mar 4 Mar 7 Mar

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

The weather it burned in

38°high

36km/h · peak gust

24%lowest humidity

It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.

This area had burned before

60% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 153 ha in 2017, 1,157 ha in 2018, 800 ha in 2020, 286 ha in 2022, 444 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,303 ha that had burned before.

444 ha Loikaw fire, February 2023 2,097 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire

How big is it?

It burned the equivalent of 2.4% of the area of London (38 km² against 1,583 km²).

London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).

This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.

What happened to each town

Shadaw

2,269 ha reached on 20 Feb

1.0 %
Loikaw where it started

1,586 ha reached on 24 Feb

1.0 %

Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

People and buildings inside the perimeter

GHSL 2025

Built-up area< 0.1 ha

Residents< 20

Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).

This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.

Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu

The weather day by day

ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)

Day	High	Min. humidity	Peak gust	Danger (FWI)
27 Feb	37.5 °C	24 %	26 km/h	High 32
28 Feb	36.8 °C	24 %	36 km/h	High 36
29 Feb	36.3 °C	29 %	27 km/h	High 34
1 Mar	36.3 °C	26 %	29 km/h	High 35
2 Mar	36.5 °C	27 %	31 km/h	High 36
3 Mar	35.9 °C	33 %	36 km/h	High 35
4 Mar	36.9 °C	26 %	24 km/h	High 34
5 Mar	37.4 °C	28 %	25 km/h	High 33
6 Mar	37.1 °C	30 %	19 km/h	High 34
7 Mar	36.4 °C	28 %	23 km/h	High 33
8 Mar	36.8 °C	29 %	33 km/h	High 34
9 Mar	37.1 °C	29 %	33 km/h	High 36
10 Mar	37.0 °C	32 %	31 km/h	High 36
11 Mar	36.9 °C	29 %	31 km/h	High 36
12 Mar after	36.1 °C	31 %	44 km/h	Very high 40
13 Mar after	36.4 °C	28 %	26 km/h	High 36
14 Mar after	36.3 °C	28 %	19 km/h	High 35
15 Mar after	36.4 °C	28 %	23 km/h	High 33
16 Mar after	36.7 °C	32 %	27 km/h	High 35

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

↔

Before · 13 Feb 2024

After · 18 Mar 2024

Before After

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 1 March 2024 the air beside the fire reached 52 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 36: 2.4 times the WHO daily guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak52 µg/m³

Days over the guideline14 days

PM1075 µg/m³

Optical depth0.72

WHO 15

2526272829123456789

Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 155Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.

⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.

Date and time	Satellite	FRP (MW)	Lat	Lon

Other fires nearby

All fires in Myanmar ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Loikaw fire last?: According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 20 February 2024 to 11 March 2024 (21 days). The perimeter dates it from 27 February 2024 to 6 March 2024.
How much area did it burn?: The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,836 hectares (38.4 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
Which municipalities burned?: The fire entered 2 municipalities: Shadaw (2,269 ha, 1.0 %); Loikaw (1,586 ha, 1.0 %).
What was the weather like?: During the fire the temperature reached 37.5 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 36 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 36, class High.
Where does this data come from?: From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Myanmar (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Satellite cross-check

NASA FIRMS ↗
GWIS · Copernicus ↗

History of this page · 2 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.

26 October 2026 Last day with fire: 6 March 2024 → 11 March 2024.
26 October 2026 Start date: 27 February 2024 → 20 February 2024.

RSS Changes to this page

Does something look wrong on this page?

This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

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What do you think is wrong?

Dates or duration Place or towns Burned area Name It was not a wildfire Same fire as another page Something else

What really happened?

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How we know this

Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 27 February 2024 to 6 March 2024. 155 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
We have not matched this page with any official record.
Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.

How we build fire pages: methodology ›

Where this data comes from

The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.

Where it burned