Burned area
satellite only5,177ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025 – 30 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
MZ · Mozambique · –
Sanga fire, 12 September 2025 Sanga
Out · last detection 30 Sept 2025, 10:57 UTC
The fire started on 12 September 2025 in Sanga, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 19 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 5,177 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
Number 122 in Mozambique in 2025, of 312.
GWIS near-real-time perimeter, from the layer that changed in August 2025: this fire is not compared with fires from earlier years, because since then the GWIS layer gives more and larger perimeters.
The power measured by the satellite is low (23.5 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Use this data
Compare with…
Suggestions: Sanga · 2022Sanga · 2021Sanga · 2025Sanga · 2026
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only19days
12 Sept 2025 to 30 Sept 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 30 Sept 2025, 10:57 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only12 Sept 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only139
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 24 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025 – 30 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only108MW
Total radiative power on 13 September 2025; hotspots that day: 16.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 13 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model34.0FWI · high
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 60.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model32.6°C · 29% RH
High of 32.6 °C and minimum humidity of 29% on 29 September 2025; gusts of 44 km/h on 22 September 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 12 Sept 2025 – 30 Sept 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 5,177 ha
- Dates
- 12 Sept 2025 – 30 Sept 2025
- Name
- Sanga
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/sanga-2025-09-4?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire sanga-2025-09-4.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-09-12 | 3 | 12 | 29.5 | 17.1 | 28 | 13.4 | 35.3 | 0 | 34 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-13 | 16 | 108 | 29.8 | 17.4 | 28 | 13.3 | 36 | 0 | 34.2 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-14 | 14 | 72 | 30.3 | 15.8 | 30 | 12 | 33.8 | 0 | 33.4 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-15 | 6 | 28 | 29 | 19.7 | 38 | 11.5 | 32.4 | 0.1 | 30.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-16 | 6 | 45 | 30.6 | 17.5 | 31 | 12.8 | 31.7 | 0.1 | 31.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-17 | 4 | 14 | 31 | 18.9 | 29 | 14.9 | 40 | 0 | 34.2 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-18 | 0 | 0 | 30.2 | 18.2 | 37 | 17.5 | 38.9 | 0.3 | 36.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-19 | 7 | 61 | 31.1 | 19.5 | 36 | 14.9 | 39.2 | 0.2 | 34.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-20 | 2 | 1 | 29.7 | 19.7 | 34 | 18 | 42.5 | 0.2 | 37.4 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-21 | 2 | 13 | 30.9 | 19.7 | 28 | 14.4 | 36.7 | 0 | 34.6 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-22 | 4 | 7 | 30.6 | 18.6 | 32 | 17.9 | 44.3 | 0 | 37.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-23 | 8 | 79 | 30.4 | 19.5 | 31 | 16.7 | 40.3 | 0 | 37.1 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-24 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 18 | 30 | 14.7 | 39.2 | 0 | 35.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-25 | 3 | 6 | 30.4 | 16.9 | 28 | 13.2 | 36.4 | 0 | 34.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-26 | 6 | 52 | 30.3 | 18.2 | 30 | 14.5 | 38.2 | 0 | 35.8 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-27 | 20 | 68 | 31 | 16.4 | 28 | 13.9 | 34.9 | 0 | 35.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-28 | 16 | 83 | 29.2 | 17.3 | 35 | 17.7 | 43.9 | 0 | 37.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-29 | 17 | 39 | 32.6 | 18.1 | 29 | 14.6 | 38.9 | 0 | 35.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-30 | 5 | 26 | 31.8 | 20.1 | 35 | 15.8 | 40.3 | 0 | 36.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-01 | 0 | 0 | 28.2 | 21 | 46 | 20 | 47.5 | 0.5 | 33.9 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-02 | 0 | 0 | 29.7 | 19.1 | 29 | 12.3 | 28.8 | 0 | 31.5 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-03 | 0 | 0 | 30.1 | 15.5 | 26 | 11.8 | 28.8 | 0 | 33.4 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-04 | 0 | 0 | 29.9 | 17.3 | 16 | 14.4 | 30.6 | 0 | 42.3 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-05 | 0 | 0 | 29.4 | 17.9 | 26 | 14.8 | 36.7 | 0 | 41.6 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-06 | 0 | 0 | 27.3 | 17.4 | 40 | 17.4 | 41.4 | 0.4 | 35.3 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-07 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 18.2 | 31 | 15.7 | 39.6 | 0.1 | 34 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-08 | 0 | 0 | 29.4 | 19.3 | 38 | 15.9 | 44.6 | 0.1 | 34.4 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-09 | 0 | 0 | 30.3 | 19.5 | 37 | 15.1 | 38.2 | 0.1 | 33.9 | alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-10 | 0 | 0 | 30.1 | 20 | 40 | 16.6 | 41 | 0.6 | 29.4 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 5,177ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 19days
- 12 Sept 2025 – 30 Sept 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 12 Sept
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 139
- in a single hotspot: 24 MW
- Danger at start
- 34
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 42MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
12 Sept30 Sept
30 Sept 2025
How it evolved, day by day
13 Sept
16 Sept
21 Sept
26 Sept
30 Sept
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
33°high
44km/h · peak gust
28%lowest humidity
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
59% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,068 ha in 2016, 1,246 ha in 2017, 505 ha in 2018, 119 ha in 2019, 1,302 ha in 2020, 682 ha in 2021, 1,537 ha in 2022, 996 ha in 2023, 809 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 3,037 ha that had burned before.
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Sanga where it started5,206 ha reached on 12 Sept0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with 60 days without rain: 12 % of the area in Mozambique
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Sept | 29.5 °C | 28 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 13 Sept | 29.8 °C | 28 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 14 Sept | 30.3 °C | 30 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 15 Sept | 29.0 °C | 38 % | 32 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 31 |
| 16 Sept | 30.6 °C | 31 % | 32 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 32 |
| 17 Sept | 31.0 °C | 29 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 18 Sept | 30.2 °C | 37 % | 39 km/h | 0.3 mm | High 36 |
| 19 Sept | 31.1 °C | 36 % | 39 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 34 |
| 20 Sept | 29.7 °C | 34 % | 42 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 37 |
| 21 Sept | 30.9 °C | 28 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 22 Sept | 30.6 °C | 32 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 23 Sept | 30.4 °C | 31 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 24 Sept | 30.0 °C | 30 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 25 Sept | 30.4 °C | 28 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 26 Sept | 30.3 °C | 30 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 27 Sept | 31.0 °C | 28 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 28 Sept | 29.2 °C | 35 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 29 Sept | 32.6 °C | 29 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 30 Sept | 31.8 °C | 35 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 1 Oct after | 28.2 °C | 46 % | 48 km/h | 0.5 mm | High 34 |
| 2 Oct after | 29.7 °C | 29 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 3 Oct after | 30.1 °C | 26 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 4 Oct after | 29.9 °C | 16 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 5 Oct after | 29.4 °C | 26 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 6 Oct after | 27.3 °C | 40 % | 41 km/h | 0.4 mm | High 35 |
| 7 Oct after | 30.0 °C | 31 % | 40 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 34 |
| 8 Oct after | 29.4 °C | 38 % | 45 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 34 |
| 9 Oct after | 30.3 °C | 37 % | 38 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 34 |
| 10 Oct after | 30.1 °C | 40 % | 41 km/h | 0.6 mm | High 29 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 5 Sept 2025
After · 7 Oct 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 10 September 2025 the air beside the fire reached 56 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 28: 1.9 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak56 µg/m³
Days over the guideline14 days
PM1058 µg/m³
Optical depth0.71
WHO 15
10 Sept15 Sept20 Sept25 Sept30 Sept
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 139Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 16,469 haSanga6 September 2025 · 30 days · 17 km away
- 24,078 haSanga13 October 2026 · 22 days · 18 km away
- 17,148 haSanga10 September 2018 · 21 days · 19 km away
- 14,231 haSanga4 October 2026 · 17 days · 32 km away
- 15,320 haSanga11 October 2022 · 22 days · 34 km away
- 18,680 haSanga9 September 2019 · 21 days · 36 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Sanga fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 12 September 2025 and 30 September 2025: 19 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 5,177 hectares (51.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Sanga (5,206 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 32.6 °C, humidity dropped to 28 % and gusts hit 44 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 38, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 139 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.