Rumphi fire, 28 July 2024 Rumphi
The fire started on 28 July 2024 in Rumphi, Malawi, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,878 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 49th largest in Northern Region since 2016 (of 418 with a page). Number 4 in Malawi in 2024, of 39.
- Burnt area
- 3,878ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 5days
- 28 Jul 2024 – 1 Aug 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 28 Jul
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 64
- in a single hotspot: 38 MW
- Danger at start
- 22
- High · FWI index
- Energy released
- 542MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 36 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
81% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,646 ha in 2016, 1,140 ha in 2017, 41 ha in 2018, 1,359 ha in 2019, 26 ha in 2020, 2,103 ha in 2021, 84 ha in 2022, 137 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 3,128 ha that had burned before.
- 1,717 ha Rumphi fire, August 2021 3,246 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,646 ha Rumphi fire, July 2016 4,730 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,359 ha Rumphi fire, August 2019 1,528 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,008 ha Rumphi fire, August 2017 1,046 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 386 ha Rumphi fire, December 2021 1,068 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 137 ha Rumphi fire, October 2023 1,877 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 133 ha Rumphi fire, September 2017 5,896 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 84 ha Rumphi fire, October 2022 1,096 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Rumphi where it started3,901 ha reached on 29 Jul0.8 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Jul | 18.9 °C | 29 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 29 Jul | 19.6 °C | 29 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 30 Jul | 19.1 °C | 24 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 31 Jul | 17.6 °C | 31 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 1 Aug | 16.3 °C | 36 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 2 Aug after | 15.8 °C | 42 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 3 Aug after | 17.4 °C | 39 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 20 |
| 4 Aug after | 18.8 °C | 30 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 21 |
| 5 Aug after | 20.4 °C | 28 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 6 Aug after | 18.2 °C | 31 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 7 Aug after | 17.7 °C | 36 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 8 Aug after | 17.8 °C | 39 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 9 Aug after | 18.1 °C | 39 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 10 Aug after | 17.4 °C | 42 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 11 Aug after | 17.4 °C | 40 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 29 July 2024 the air beside the fire reached 33 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 22: 1.5 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 64Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Rumphi fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 28 July 2024 and 1 August 2024: 5 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,878 hectares (38.8 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Rumphi (3,901 ha, 0.8 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 19.6 °C, humidity dropped to 24 % and gusts hit 39 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 24, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Malawi (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.