Burned area
satellite only54,272ha
Perimeter published by GWIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- 18 Sept 2025 – 22 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
AU · Australia · –
Roper Gulf fire, 18 September 2025 Roper Gulf
Out · last detection 22 Oct 2025, 03:58 UTC
The fire started on 18 September 2025 in Roper Gulf, Australia, and satellites saw it burning for 35 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 54,272 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
This entry is probably a savanna fire in Australia’s tropical north, not a bushfire like those in the south of the country. Millions of hectares of northern savanna and grassland burn every year: much of it in burns lit on purpose early in the dry season (traditional fire management, parks and cattle stations), the rest in grass fires that return to the same ground every few years. This is our assumption, based on the location; it is not confirmed. That is why it is left out of the wildfire rankings.
Use this data
Compare with…
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-24matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only35days
18 Sept 2025 to 22 Oct 2025: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 22 Oct 2025, 03:58 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only18 Sept 2025
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- GWIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 18 Sept 2025
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only1,738
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 137 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 18 Sept 2025 – 22 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only3,860MW
Total radiative power on 3 October 2025; hotspots that day: 265.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 3 Oct 2025
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model43.7FWI · very high
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 60.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 18 Sept 2025, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model37.4°C · 28% RH
High of 37.4 °C and minimum humidity of 28% on 1 October 2025; gusts of 58 km/h on 3 October 2025.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 18 Sept 2025 – 22 Oct 2025
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
What was saved on 24 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 54,272 ha
- Dates
- 18 Sept 2025 – 22 Oct 2025
- Name
- Roper Gulf
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/roper-gulf-2025-09-3?v=2026-10-24A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire roper-gulf-2025-09-3.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-09-18 | 0 | 0 | 32.4 | 20.1 | 49 | 21.1 | 45 | 0 | 43.7 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-19 | 1 | 2 | 34.2 | 21.3 | 46 | 19.4 | 41.8 | 0 | 43.5 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-20 | 2 | 5 | 35.9 | 21.6 | 35 | 22.5 | 44.6 | 0 | 36.8 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-21 | 0 | 0 | 32.6 | 25.3 | 45 | 16.2 | 45.4 | 0.6 | 40.7 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-22 | 37 | 227 | 33 | 21 | 17 | 21.6 | 43.2 | 0 | 73.1 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-23 | 136 | 2,448 | 33.1 | 19.3 | 17 | 25.2 | 50.8 | 0 | 80.7 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-24 | 28 | 177 | 32.9 | 21.3 | 21 | 27.9 | 56.5 | 0 | 83.7 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-25 | 45 | 691 | 33.1 | 21 | 19 | 24.7 | 50 | 0 | 81.4 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-26 | 106 | 2,050 | 33.1 | 20.1 | 30 | 23.6 | 50.4 | 0 | 62.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-27 | 67 | 467 | 34 | 19.8 | 23 | 23.7 | 50.4 | 0 | 56.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-28 | 58 | 680 | 36.5 | 21.2 | 22 | 19.3 | 38.2 | 0 | 40.9 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-09-29 | 90 | 1,044 | 36.3 | 19.2 | 23 | 19 | 40.3 | 0 | 55.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-09-30 | 97 | 1,015 | 36.9 | 20.1 | 21 | 19.4 | 40.7 | 0 | 49.1 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-01 | 95 | 742 | 37.4 | 22 | 28 | 19.2 | 39.2 | 0 | 55.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-02 | 151 | 699 | 36.7 | 23.9 | 25 | 17.3 | 40.3 | 0 | 50.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-03 | 265 | 3,860 | 34.8 | 22.1 | 21 | 27.7 | 57.6 | 0 | 86.9 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-04 | 105 | 1,457 | 35.1 | 17.9 | 13 | 21.5 | 48.6 | 0 | 80.4 | muy_extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-05 | 40 | 325 | 34 | 14.7 | 31 | 19.8 | 42.5 | 0 | 57.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-06 | 32 | 169 | 34.9 | 23.4 | 30 | 19.9 | 43.2 | 0 | 56.7 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-07 | 57 | 293 | 34.2 | 22.5 | 32 | 21.6 | 44.6 | 0 | 52.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-08 | 39 | 189 | 34.5 | 19.8 | 37 | 22 | 46.1 | 0 | 52.8 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-09 | 7 | 29 | 34.9 | 24.3 | 47 | 20.5 | 43.6 | 0 | 43.9 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-10 | 34 | 276 | 35.8 | 24.9 | 42 | 17.1 | 40 | 0 | 41.9 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-11 | 18 | 185 | 35.9 | 25.1 | 45 | 13.8 | 34.9 | 0.3 | 37.9 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-12 | 32 | 272 | 36.6 | 24.3 | 36 | 17.5 | 34.9 | 0 | 34.6 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-13 | 26 | 178 | 36.4 | 26 | 33 | 19.8 | 43.2 | 0 | 45.3 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-14 | 28 | 138 | 35.3 | 25 | 41 | 18.8 | 45.7 | 0 | 54.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-15 | 11 | 53 | 32.8 | 25.3 | 52 | 21.4 | 47.9 | 2.4 | 33.1 | alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-16 | 29 | 164 | 34.7 | 24.1 | 38 | 18.8 | 46.8 | 0 | 41.8 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-17 | 26 | 99 | 34.2 | 25.4 | 51 | 24.2 | 51.1 | 0.2 | 51.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-18 | 41 | 173 | 34.9 | 24.5 | 42 | 19.8 | 44.3 | 0 | 46.2 | muy_alto | 1 |
| 2025-10-19 | 17 | 194 | 34.7 | 23.9 | 40 | 21 | 45.4 | 0 | 51.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-20 | 16 | 203 | 34.9 | 21.6 | 36 | 20 | 43.2 | 0 | 51.1 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-21 | 1 | 14 | 35.8 | 22.9 | 30 | 22.4 | 46.1 | 0 | 59.5 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-22 | 1 | 4 | 35.9 | 21.9 | 32 | 18.3 | 41 | 0 | 53.3 | extremo | 1 |
| 2025-10-23 | 0 | 0 | 36.4 | 22.5 | 35 | 19.4 | 43.9 | 0 | 45.4 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-24 | 0 | 0 | 37.1 | 24.8 | 34 | 20 | 43.2 | 0 | 49 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-25 | 0 | 0 | 36.5 | 24.4 | 35 | 20.1 | 41.4 | 0 | 54 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-10-26 | 0 | 0 | 36.2 | 24.4 | 31 | 16.4 | 39.2 | 0 | 54 | extremo | 0 |
| 2025-10-27 | 0 | 0 | 38.7 | 25.6 | 29 | 17.5 | 36 | 0 | 43.6 | muy_alto | 0 |
| 2025-10-28 | 0 | 0 | 39.6 | 26.3 | 31 | 19.1 | 37.1 | 2 | 36.5 | alto | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: GWIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 54,272ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 35days
- 18 Sept 2025 – 22 Oct 2025
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- local government areas
- Started on
- 18 Sept
- 2025
- Heat detections
- 1,738
- in a single hotspot: 137 MW
- Danger at start
- 44
- Very high · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 561MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
18 Sept22 Oct
22 Oct 2025
How it evolved, day by day
19 Sept
27 Sept
3 Oct
11 Oct
18 Oct
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
37°high
58km/h · peak gust
13%lowest humidity
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 2.0 mm on 28 Oct.
This area had burned before
75% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 835 ha in 2017, 35,617 ha in 2018, 2,685 ha in 2019, 597 ha in 2020, 3,017 ha in 2021, 4,902 ha in 2022, 1,147 ha in 2023, 9,485 ha in 2024. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 40,973 ha that had burned before.
- 26,885 ha Roper Gulf fire, October 2018 41,181 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 318 ha Roper Gulf fire, October 2018 10,136 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 317 ha Roper Gulf fire, November 2021 26,002 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3 ha Roper Gulf fire, October 2018 5,787 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Roper Gulf where it started54,487 ha reached on 19 Sept0.3 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area< 0.1 ha
Residents< 20
Inside the perimeter there was no noticeable built-up land and almost nobody lived there (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
Started with 60 days without rain: 8.2 % of the area in Australia
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 Sept | 32.4 °C | 49 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 19 Sept | 34.2 °C | 46 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 20 Sept | 35.9 °C | 35 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 21 Sept | 32.6 °C | 45 % | 45 km/h | 0.6 mm | Very high 41 |
| 22 Sept | 33.0 °C | 17 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 73 |
| 23 Sept | 33.1 °C | 17 % | 51 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 81 |
| 24 Sept | 32.9 °C | 21 % | 56 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 84 |
| 25 Sept | 33.1 °C | 19 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 81 |
| 26 Sept | 33.1 °C | 30 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 62 |
| 27 Sept | 34.0 °C | 23 % | 50 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 28 Sept | 36.5 °C | 22 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 29 Sept | 36.3 °C | 23 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 55 |
| 30 Sept | 36.9 °C | 21 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 1 Oct | 37.4 °C | 28 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 56 |
| 2 Oct | 36.7 °C | 25 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 50 |
| 3 Oct | 34.8 °C | 21 % | 58 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 87 |
| 4 Oct | 35.1 °C | 13 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very extreme 80 |
| 5 Oct | 34.0 °C | 31 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 58 |
| 6 Oct | 34.9 °C | 30 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 57 |
| 7 Oct | 34.2 °C | 32 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 8 Oct | 34.5 °C | 37 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 9 Oct | 34.9 °C | 47 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 10 Oct | 35.8 °C | 42 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 11 Oct | 35.9 °C | 45 % | 35 km/h | 0.3 mm | High 38 |
| 12 Oct | 36.6 °C | 36 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 13 Oct | 36.4 °C | 33 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 14 Oct | 35.3 °C | 41 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 15 Oct | 32.8 °C | 52 % | 48 km/h | 2.4 mm | High 33 |
| 16 Oct | 34.7 °C | 38 % | 47 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 17 Oct | 34.2 °C | 51 % | 51 km/h | 0.2 mm | Extreme 52 |
| 18 Oct | 34.9 °C | 42 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 19 Oct | 34.7 °C | 40 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 20 Oct | 34.9 °C | 36 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 51 |
| 21 Oct | 35.8 °C | 30 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 60 |
| 22 Oct | 35.9 °C | 32 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 53 |
| 23 Oct after | 36.4 °C | 35 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 24 Oct after | 37.1 °C | 34 % | 43 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 49 |
| 25 Oct after | 36.5 °C | 35 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 26 Oct after | 36.2 °C | 31 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Extreme 54 |
| 27 Oct after | 38.7 °C | 29 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 28 Oct after | 39.6 °C | 31 % | 37 km/h | 2.0 mm | High 36 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 11 Sept 2025
After · 29 Oct 2025
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 2 October 2025 the air beside the fire reached 41 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 21: 1.4 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak41 µg/m³
Days over the guideline3 days
PM1043 µg/m³
Optical depth0.43
WHO 15
16 Sept24 Sept2 Oct10 Oct18 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 1,738Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 41,181 haRoper Gulf5 October 2018 · 17 days · 0 km away
- 31,682 haRoper Gulf6 June 2025 · 14 days · 26 km away
- 26,002 haRoper Gulf16 November 2021 · 8 days · 26 km away
- 25,859 haRoper Gulf15 November 2021 · 9 days · 35 km away
- 18,557 haRoper Gulf 2 November 2026 · 12 days · 35 km away
- 28,749 haRoper Gulf11 July 2025 · 15 days · 38 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Roper Gulf fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 18 September 2025 and 22 October 2025: 35 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 54,272 hectares (542.7 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Roper Gulf (54,487 ha, 0.3 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 37.4 °C, humidity dropped to 13 % and gusts hit 58 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 87, class Very extreme.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Australia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Emergency number: 000 · Emergency number and official warnings
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 1,738 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
- Probably a vegetation burn: not counted in the totals.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.