Pebane fire, October 2024 Pebane
The fire started on 26 October 2024 in Pebane, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 10 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 4,865 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 375th largest in Zambézia since 2016 (of 842 with a page). Number 65 in Mozambique in 2024, of 150.
- Burnt area
- 4,865ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 10days
- 26 Oct 2024 – 4 Nov 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 26 Oct
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 188
- in a single hotspot: 84 MW
- Danger at start
- 28
- High · FWI index
- Energy released
- 2.3GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 4 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 3.9 mm on 7 Nov.
This area had burned before
99% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 2,365 ha in 2016, 643 ha in 2017, 2,582 ha in 2018, 2,957 ha in 2019, 932 ha in 2020, 4,929 ha in 2021, 866 ha in 2022, 1,218 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 4,797 ha that had burned before.
- 2,529 ha Pebane fire, October 2019 5,193 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,283 ha Pebane fire, November 2021 4,207 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,196 ha Pebane fire, October 2018 4,737 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 1,852 ha Pebane fire, September 2016 7,804 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 544 ha Pebane fire, October 2021 3,091 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 29 ha Pebane fire, October 2022 4,758 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Pebane where it started4,896 ha reached on 23 Oct0.5 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 Oct | 35.8 °C | 35 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 27 Oct | 37.9 °C | 29 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 28 Oct | 39.0 °C | 24 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 29 Oct | 41.5 °C | 18 % | 44 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 42 |
| 30 Oct | 40.0 °C | 18 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 31 Oct | 36.7 °C | 31 % | 38 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 37 |
| 1 Nov | 32.9 °C | 52 % | 40 km/h | 1.7 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 2 Nov | 33.3 °C | 45 % | 38 km/h | 0.1 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 3 Nov | 34.8 °C | 39 % | 37 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 25 |
| 4 Nov | 35.2 °C | 41 % | 39 km/h | 0.2 mm | High 26 |
| 5 Nov after | 38.8 °C | 24 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 6 Nov after | 38.7 °C | 24 % | 42 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 7 Nov after | 35.4 °C | 42 % | 41 km/h | 3.9 mm | Low 11 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 28 October 2024 the air beside the fire reached 14 µg/m³ of PM2.5, but no daily average passed the WHO guideline (15).
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 188Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Pebane fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 26 October 2024 and 4 November 2024: 10 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 4,865 hectares (48.6 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Pebane (4,896 ha, 0.5 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 41.5 °C, humidity dropped to 18 % and gusts hit 44 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 42, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.