Mpulungu fire, 28 August 2021 Mpulungu
The fire started on 28 August 2021 in Mpulungu, Zambia, and satellites saw it burning for 7 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 7,494 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 129th largest in Northern since 2016 (of 628 with a page). Number 44 in Zambia in 2021, of 213.
- Burnt area
- 7,494ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 7days
- 28 Aug 2021 – 3 Sept 2021
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 28 Aug
- 2021
- Heat detections
- 246
- in a single hotspot: 84 MW
- Danger at start
- 33
- High · FWI index
- Energy released
- 2.1GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone more than two months without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
89% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 1,914 ha in 2016, 3,634 ha in 2017, 919 ha in 2018, 5,018 ha in 2019, 2,334 ha in 2020. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 6,675 ha that had burned before.
- 4,539 ha Mpulungu fire, August 2019 7,933 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 3,028 ha Mpulungu fire, September 2017 7,470 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 126 ha Mpulungu fire, August 2016 4,208 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 52 ha Mpulungu fire, August 2019 3,965 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 45 ha Mpulungu fire, September 2020 5,502 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 32 ha Mpulungu fire, September 2017 3,983 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
What happened to each town
-
Mpulungu where it started7,539 ha reached on 28 Aug0.7 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 Aug | 28.2 °C | 30 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 29 Aug | 29.8 °C | 25 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 30 Aug | 28.5 °C | 22 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 31 Aug | 28.5 °C | 26 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 1 Sept | 28.9 °C | 26 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 2 Sept | 27.6 °C | 34 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 3 Sept | 27.6 °C | 29 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 4 Sept after | 27.2 °C | 28 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 5 Sept after | 28.2 °C | 26 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 6 Sept after | 28.9 °C | 26 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 31 |
| 7 Sept after | 28.3 °C | 31 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 8 Sept after | 27.8 °C | 39 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 9 Sept after | 28.4 °C | 32 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 10 Sept after | 28.8 °C | 25 % | 49 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 11 Sept after | 26.8 °C | 27 % | 45 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 41 |
| 12 Sept after | 28.3 °C | 30 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
| 13 Sept after | 28.0 °C | 33 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 246Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Mpulungu fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 28 August 2021 and 3 September 2021: 7 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 7,494 hectares (74.9 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Mpulungu (7,539 ha, 0.7 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 29.8 °C, humidity dropped to 22 % and gusts hit 36 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 38, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Zambia (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.