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Monguno fire, 25 October 2025 Monguno, Marte

Out · last detection 29 Oct 2025, 00:55 UTC

The fire started on 25 October 2025 in Monguno, Nigeria, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,494 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.

It is the 291th largest in Borno since 2016 (of 457 with a page). Number 205 in Nigeria in 2025, of 294.

The power measured by the satellite is low (14.9 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.

Burnt area
2,494ha
GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
Duration
5days
25 Oct 2025 – 29 Oct 2025
Municipalities hit
2
local government areas
Started on
25 Oct
2025
Heat detections
26
in a single hotspot: 15 MW
Energy released
135MW
sum of detected power

Where it burned

29 Oct 2025
HOTSPOTS BY DAY 25 Oct29 Oct

How it evolved, day by day

252629

Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

This area had burned before

63% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 688 ha in 2016, 275 ha in 2017, 678 ha in 2020, 433 ha in 2021, 357 ha in 2023. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 1,580 ha that had burned before.

What happened to each town

  1. Monguno where it started
    1,777 ha reached on 25 Oct
    0.8 %
  2. Marte
    730 ha reached on 25 Oct
    0.4 %

Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

Before and after, from space

Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

Before · 18 Oct 2025
After · 5 Nov 2025

If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

The smoke

CAMS · Copernicus

On 29 October 2025 the air beside the fire reached 53 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 29: 1.9 times the WHO daily guideline (15).

PM2.5 peak53 µg/m³
Days over the guideline10 days
PM10127 µg/m³
Optical depth0.34
2324252627282930311
Good Fair Moderate Poor Very poor Extremely poor

Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.

Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)

Detections table · 26Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
Date and timeSatelliteFRP (MW)LatLon

Other fires nearby

All fires in Nigeria ›

Frequently asked questions

How long did the Monguno fire last?
GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 25 October 2025 and 29 October 2025: 5 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
How much area did it burn?
The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,494 hectares (24.9 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
Which municipalities burned?
The fire entered 2 municipalities: Monguno (1,777 ha, 0.8 %); Marte (730 ha, 0.4 %).
Where does this data come from?
From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Nigeria (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

Where to verify it

A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

Emergency number: 112

Satellite cross-check

Does something look wrong on this page?

This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

Report an error
What do you think is wrong?

We will only use your email to reply about this report. Privacy. This is not an emergency service: if there is a fire now, call 112.

Where this data comes from

The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.