Mongkaing fire, January 2023 Mongkaing, Hsipaw
The fire started on 3 January 2023 in Mongkaing, Myanmar (Burma), and satellites saw it burning for 14 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 2,937 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 336th largest in Shan since 2016 (of 723 with a page). Number 100 in Myanmar (Burma) in 2023, of 212.
The power measured by the satellite is low (25.9 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
- Burnt area
- 2,937ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 14days
- 3 Jan 2023 – 16 Jan 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- municipalities
- Started on
- 3 Jan
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 152
- in a single hotspot: 26 MW
- Danger at start
- 18
- Moderate · FWI index
- Energy released
- 898MW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 31 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
47% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 476 ha in 2019, 471 ha in 2020, 832 ha in 2021. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 1,393 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Mongkaing where it started2,590 ha reached on 2 Jan0.7 %
-
365 ha reached on 4 Jan0.1 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Jan | 28.2 °C | 39 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 4 Jan | 27.5 °C | 40 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 5 Jan | 28.9 °C | 42 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 19 |
| 6 Jan | 29.0 °C | 39 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 7 Jan | 28.1 °C | 37 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 8 Jan | 28.2 °C | 34 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 9 Jan | 28.5 °C | 37 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 21 |
| 10 Jan | 28.3 °C | 40 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 11 Jan | 27.6 °C | 40 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 22 |
| 12 Jan | 28.1 °C | 30 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 13 Jan | 27.6 °C | 36 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 14 Jan | 27.1 °C | 35 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 15 Jan | 25.7 °C | 33 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 23 |
| 16 Jan | 27.2 °C | 34 % | 27 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 17 Jan after | 27.5 °C | 36 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 18 Jan after | 27.9 °C | 33 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 19 Jan after | 27.7 °C | 34 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 25 |
| 20 Jan after | 28.7 °C | 31 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 21 Jan after | 29.4 °C | 30 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 22 Jan after | 29.2 °C | 28 % | 29 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 23 Jan after | 28.9 °C | 29 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 24 Jan after | 31.7 °C | 27 % | 17 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 26 |
| 25 Jan after | 29.5 °C | 36 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 26 Jan after | 29.3 °C | 33 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 152Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Mongkaing fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 3 January 2023 and 16 January 2023: 14 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 2,937 hectares (29.4 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Mongkaing (2,590 ha, 0.7 %); Hsipaw (365 ha, 0.1 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 29.0 °C, humidity dropped to 30 % and gusts hit 34 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 25, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Myanmar (Burma) (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM3 (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.