Burned area
satellite only107ha
Perimeter published by EFFIS (Copernicus).
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus)
- Date
- perimeter revised on 6 November 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page to compare it with.
LB · Lebanon · –
Marjaayoun fire, 23 October 2024 Marjaayoun
Out · last detection 27 Oct 2024, 10:03 UTC
The fire started on 23 October 2024 in Marjaayoun, Lebanon, and satellites saw it burning for 5 days. Copernicus mapped a burnt perimeter of 107 hectares from satellite imagery, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 32th largest in Nabatîyé since 2016 (of 39 with a page). Number 24 in Lebanon in 2024, of 30.
The power measured by the satellite is low (6.9 MW in the strongest hotspot), more typical of grass or stubble burning, or a slow surface fire, than of a large crown fire.
Use this data
Compare with…
Suggestions: Jezzine · 2025Hasbaya · 2024Zefat · 2024Zefat · 2021
Use this data
Fire page data · version 2026-10-26matches the official recordwith caveatssatellite onlymodel
When copying, the sentence is
Tick the figures you want: they make up the lede and the CSV.
Duration by satellite
satellite only5days
23 Oct 2024 to 27 Oct 2024: first and last day with fire on the page.
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- last detection: 27 Oct 2024, 10:03 UTC
+− cross-check
Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.
Start
satellite only23 Oct 2024
First day with fire seen by the satellites or the perimeter.
- Source
- EFFIS (Copernicus) · NASA FIRMS · VIIRS
- Date
- 23 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
No official record is matched to this page, so the alert time and the cause are not known here.
Hotspots
satellite only4
VIIRS detections at 375 m. Most intense hotspot: 7 MW.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (Suomi NPP)
- Date
- 23 Oct 2024 – 27 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
There is no official record to compare with. Each hotspot is a pixel detected in one satellite pass, not a separate fire.
The worst day
satellite only14MW
Total radiative power on 23 October 2024; hotspots that day: 2.
- Source
- NASA FIRMS · VIIRS (FRP)
- Date
- 23 Oct 2024
+− cross-check
Fire radiative power (FRP) measures the energy the fire gives off when the satellite passes. Added up by day, it compares intensity, not area.
Danger at the start
model27.7FWI · high
Fire Weather Index (Canadian system) computed by WorldFires for the day the fire started. Consecutive days without rain before: 15.
- Source
- WorldFires calculation (Canadian FWI system)
- Date
- 23 Oct 2024, local noon
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
This is an index computed from weather model data, not a measurement of the fire nor an official warning. Danger warnings are issued by each country’s authority. Emergency number and official warnings
Weather during the fire
model26.2°C · 11% RH
High of 26.2 °C and minimum humidity of 11% on 27 October 2024; gusts of 35 km/h on 26 October 2024.
- Source
- weather model at the fire’s grid cell
- Date
- 23 Oct 2024 – 27 Oct 2024
- Model
- ERA5 0,25° (ECMWF · Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com
+− cross-check
These are model values for a cell of about 25 km, not from a weather station: they may differ from what was measured on the ground.
Living inside
model≈ 40people
Estimated residents inside the perimeter and 0.47 ha of built-up area (100 m grid, epoch 2025).
- Source
- GHSL R2023A · JRC
- Date
- calculated on 24 October 2026
+− cross-check
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
This page’s change log has been kept since 24 October 2026: every night what it publishes is compared and the difference is logged. Anything earlier is reconstructed from each source’s date and marked as reconstructed.
Show
-
· reconstructed weatherWeather and FWI computed from the ERA5 reanalysis
-
logLast day with fire: 24 October 2024 → 27 October 2024.
-
· reconstructed GHSLPopulation and built-up area computed
-
· reconstructed perimeterEFFIS (Copernicus) revises the perimeter
What was saved on 26 October 2026
Every night a snapshot of what the page shows is saved. If anything changes, it appears in the list as a log entry.
- Area
- 107 ha
- Dates
- 23 Oct 2024 – 27 Oct 2024
- Name
- Marjaayoun
- Official record
- —
Versioned permanent link
https://worldfires.org/en/fire/marjaayoun-2024-10-2?v=2026-10-26A version keeps the area, dates, name and official record; the area as it was logged (changes under 2% are not logged). The map, hotspots and weather always show today’s data.
Citation
A lede of about 60 words figures only, no adjectives
CSV for this fire marjaayoun-2024-10-2.csv · daily, no individual hotspots
| fecha | focos_viirs | frp_mw | tmax_c | tmin_c | hr_min_pct | viento_max_kmh | racha_max_kmh | precip_mm | fwi | clase_fwi | dentro_del_incendio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-10-23 | 2 | 14 | 22.4 | 11.8 | 15 | 12.2 | 32 | 0 | 27.7 | alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-24 | 1 | 3 | 23.2 | 11.8 | 14 | 11.3 | 32.4 | 0 | 29 | alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-25 | 0 | 0 | 24.9 | 12.1 | 11 | 11.2 | 30.2 | 0 | 32 | alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-26 | 0 | 0 | 25.9 | 15.1 | 14 | 13.4 | 34.9 | 0 | 34.4 | alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-27 | 1 | 3 | 26.2 | 13.7 | 11 | 11.9 | 33.8 | 0 | 34.5 | alto | 1 |
| 2024-10-28 | 0 | 0 | 25.8 | 14 | 22 | 12.5 | 33.1 | 0 | 33.3 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-29 | 0 | 0 | 24.4 | 11.7 | 14 | 11.3 | 30.6 | 0 | 32.8 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-30 | 0 | 0 | 22.9 | 11.3 | 32 | 11.8 | 33.8 | 0 | 27.9 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-10-31 | 0 | 0 | 23.4 | 12.2 | 44 | 7.8 | 28.8 | 0.5 | 20.6 | moderado | 0 |
| 2024-11-01 | 0 | 0 | 25.6 | 16.3 | 21 | 13.3 | 37.8 | 0 | 29.1 | alto | 0 |
| 2024-11-02 | 0 | 0 | 25.1 | 16.2 | 45 | 11.4 | 29.9 | 11.6 | 2.3 | muy_bajo | 0 |
It is generated in your browser from this page’s data: one file per fire, aggregated by day and without individual hotspots.
Live widget for your story
It updates itself while the fire is still active and links to this page. Free, with the attribution shown at the bottom.
Sources for this page: EFFIS (Copernicus), NASA FIRMS (VIIRS), ERA5 (ECMWF/Copernicus C3S) · Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0), GHSL (JRC). Open-Meteo.com · How we build fire pages: methodology
- Burnt area
- 107ha
- Copernicus perimeter
- Duration
- 5days
- 23 Oct 2024 – 27 Oct 2024
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 23 Oct
- 2024
- Heat detections
- 4
- in a single hotspot: 7 MW
- Danger at start
- 28
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 7MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
HOTSPOTS BY DAY
23 Oct27 Oct
27 Oct 2024
How it evolved, day by day
23 Oct
24 Oct
27 Oct
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
26°high
35km/h · peak gust
11%lowest humidity
It had gone 15 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 11.6 mm on 2 Nov.
This area had burned before
No earlier perimeters overlap this fire since 2016, when the satellite record begins.
What happened to each town
-
Marjaayoun where it started107 ha reached on 23 Oct0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the official perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
What burned
- Other natural land90 %
- Agricultural areas6.7 %
- Mixed forest1.9 %
- Artificial surfaces1.0 %
Land cover inside the perimeter as reported by Copernicus EFFIS (outside the Corine Land Cover area).
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2025Built-up area0.47 ha
Residents≈ 40
Inside the perimeter there were about 0.47 hectares of built-up land and about 40 residents (GHSL 2025, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned. The GHSL 2025 epoch is a projection made from 2020 and earlier data.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 Oct | 22.4 °C | 15 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 24 Oct | 23.2 °C | 14 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 25 Oct | 24.9 °C | 11 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 26 Oct | 25.9 °C | 14 % | 35 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 27 Oct | 26.2 °C | 11 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 34 |
| 28 Oct after | 25.8 °C | 22 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 29 Oct after | 24.4 °C | 14 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 33 |
| 30 Oct after | 22.9 °C | 32 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 28 |
| 31 Oct after | 23.4 °C | 44 % | 29 km/h | 0.5 mm | Moderate 21 |
| 1 Nov after | 25.6 °C | 21 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 29 |
| 2 Nov after | 25.1 °C | 45 % | 30 km/h | 11.6 mm | Very low 2 |
Its twins: fires that started in the same weather
It started with an FWI of 27.7, a minimum humidity of 15% and 15 days without rain. Fires in the area that started in weather like this since 2016: 27.
FWI at the start
27.7
Minimum humidity
15 %
Days without rain
15
this fire
chosen twins
rest of the area
Almost identicalSimilar
Outlines of the closest twins
This fire · Marjaayoun fire, 23 October 2024
107 ha
5 days
FWI 27.7
Min. humidity 15 %
Jezzine fire, November 2025
105 ha
2 days
FWI 31.5
Min. humidity 13 %
17 km away, in 2025
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 5.7 mm on 13 Nov.
Hasbaya fire, June 2024
239 ha
2 days
FWI 31.1
Min. humidity 21 %
20 km away, in 2024
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.8 mm on 23 Jun.
Chouf fire, November 2025
152 ha
2 days
FWI 33.0
Min. humidity 13 %
36 km away, in 2025
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 5.7 mm on 13 Nov.
Golan fire, June 2024
100 ha
1 day
FWI 37.2
Min. humidity 14 %
25 km away, in 2024
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: 1.8 mm on 23 Jun.
Zefat fire, June 2024
398 ha
2 days
FWI 33.5
Min. humidity 20 %
23 km away, in 2024
First rain (1 mm or more) after it ended: none in the following ten days.
What happened to them
- 2 days
- median duration
- 170 ha
- median area
- 11 %
- went past 1,000 ha
- 1.8 mm
- rain at the end (median; 14 of 27 had it)
It stayed below its twins: 107 ha against a median of 170 ha. It lasted 5 days, against 2 days.
In 13 of 27, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 1.8 mm.
This is a bank of analogues: it shows what usually happens, not what will happen. With fewer than 15 twins we give no figures. How we calculate it
How it ended
11.6 mmfirst rain
2 Nov6 days after it ended
35km/h · max. gust
It was considered over on 27 Oct, and on 2 Nov 11.6 mm fell. We do not know whether the rain or the firefighters put it out. Twins with rain when they ended: 14 of 27, with a median of 1.8 mm.
Weather on this page: Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
How a twin is chosen
- Same area: fires that have already ended, less than 250 km from this one, since 2016.
- Same start: we compare the FWI on the first day, the minimum humidity that day and the run of days without rain before it. The slider sets how much they may differ.
- Only pages with final weather data (ERA5 reanalysis) calculated in the same way as this fire’s; agricultural and grass burns and pages with data under review are left out.
- Fires burning at the same time as this one (a week before or after) are left out: they share the same spell of weather and do not count as a precedent.
- They are sorted by similarity, and the outlines of the first five are drawn.
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
↔
Before · 16 Oct 2024
After · 3 Nov 2024
Sentinel-2 did not pass over on that day. Try another date, or use false colour, which is daily.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
The smoke
CAMS · CopernicusOn 27 October 2024 the air beside the fire reached 42 µg/m³ of PM2.5. That day averaged 23: 1.5 times the WHO daily guideline (15).
PM2.5 peak42 µg/m³
Days over the guideline2 days
PM1060 µg/m³
Optical depth0.42
WHO 15
21 Oct23 Oct25 Oct27 Oct
Good
Fair
Moderate
Poor
Very poor
Extremely poor
Particles from the Copernicus CAMS model at the centre of the perimeter; these are not measurements in each town. The pale bar is the worst hour, the solid one the daily average.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS)
Detections table · 4Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
⬇ Download CSV
Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Marjaayoun fire last?
- According to the heat detections seen by satellite inside the perimeter, it burned from 23 October 2024 to 27 October 2024 (5 days). The perimeter dates it from 23 October 2024 to 24 October 2024.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter Copernicus measured from satellite imagery is 107 hectares (1.1 km²). Official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Marjaayoun (107 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 26.2 °C, humidity dropped to 11 % and gusts hit 35 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 34, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the EFFIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Lebanon (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
- How did the fires that started in similar weather in this area end?
- Fires less than 250 km away that started since 2016 with a similar FWI, humidity and dry spell: 27. Their median duration was 2 days and their median area 170 ha; 11 % went past 1,000 ha. In 13 of 27, not even 1 mm fell in the ten days after the end: they went out without rain. In the rest, the first rainy day brought a median of 1.8 mm.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page · 1 Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
- Last day with fire: 24 October 2024 → 27 October 2024.
RSS Changes to this page With cross-checks and a citable version
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: EFFIS (Copernicus), mapped on satellite imagery.
- Dates adjusted with the VIIRS detections inside the perimeter, which said 23 October 2024 to 24 October 2024. 4 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2025, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter and land cover come from the Copernicus European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), measured on MODIS and Sentinel-2 imagery and published under CC BY 4.0. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Public Domain). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ slightly from each country’s official figure.