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SS · South Sudan · –

Malakal fire, November 2026 Panyikang, Malakal, Fashoda

Burning · last detection 15 Nov 2026, 11:25 UTC

Satellites first detected fire on 9 November 2026 in Malakal, South Sudan. It has been active for 7 days, with 674 heat detections and an area with fire of about 8,456 hectares rebuilt from them, spread across 3 municipalities.

GWIS near-real-time perimeter, from the layer that changed in August 2025: this fire is not compared with fires from earlier years, because since then the GWIS layer gives more and larger perimeters.

GWIS (Copernicus) has not yet published the perimeter of this fire. It rebuilds it from hotspots, which can take several days, and it does not always arrive. For now the area is the one rebuilt from heat detections (about 14 hectares per pixel). If the perimeter arrives, this page picks it up on its own and keeps the same address.

Is it still active?

Satellites detected fire on 15 Nov 2026, 11:25 UTC. Everything suggests it is still burning. Satellites pass a few times a day and cloud or smoke can hide the fire: a lack of detections is not an official extinction. Each country’s emergency service declares a fire contained or out.

Wind, humidity and rain for the next 72 h

Area with fire
≈ 8,456ha
rebuilt from hotspots, no official perimeter yet
Duration
7days
9 Nov 2026 – 15 Nov 2026
Municipalities hit
3
counties
Started on
9 Nov
2026
Heat detections
674
in a single hotspot: 291 MW
Danger at start
72
Very extreme · FWI index
Average daily power
1.3GW
detected power per day, on average

The next 72 hours

The wind is blowing from the south and pushing northwards; no sharp shifts are expected until Wed 18, 23:00.

ECMWF IFS 0.25° at the centre of the fire · computed 15 Nov 2026, 22:23 UTC

Mon 16, 00:00 – Mon 16, 07:00, local time

No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 47 %

Nights usually moisten the vegetation and the fire calms down. Tonight humidity does not reach 55 %, so it may stay active in the small hours.

Mon 16, 20:00 – Tue 17, 07:00, local time

No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 30 %

Nights usually moisten the vegetation and the fire calms down. Tonight humidity does not reach 55 %, so it may stay active in the small hours.

Tue 17, 20:00 – Wed 18, 07:00, local time

No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 30 %

Nights usually moisten the vegetation and the fire calms down. Tonight humidity does not reach 55 %, so it may stay active in the small hours.

Checked, no warning: no wind shifts of more than 60° no useful rain expected (0.0 mm in 72 h)

Hour by hour, local time

Tap the strip to see each hour

Mean wind Gusts where it blows to Relative humidity Night (8 pm to 8 am) Rain (mm) · chance in %

Where is it blowing? The next 48 h

geoBoundaries/South Sudan Information Management Working Group (IMWG), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and OCHA, OCHA South Sudan (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)); geoBoundaries/OCHA ROSEA, Information Management Working Group (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO))

At this hour

Places the fan reaches

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    We compare your point with the fan for each hour. Your location never leaves your device.

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    This is not an official warning. It is a global model forecast with cells of about 25 km, at the centre of the fire: it cannot see valley winds or the winds the fire itself creates. The fan shows where the wind blows, not where the fire will spread. If in doubt, follow what the authorities say.

    Forecast: ECMWF IFS 0.25° (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts), served by our own Open-Meteo instance; the chance of rain comes from the ECMWF ensemble. Variables: wind and gusts at 10 m, wind at 850 hPa, relative humidity and temperature at 2 m, rain. Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0).

    Fire: VIIRS (NASA FIRMS); hotspots from the last 24 h: VIIRS from NASA FIRMS. Boundaries: geoBoundaries/South Sudan Information Management Working Group (IMWG), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and OCHA, OCHA South Sudan (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)); geoBoundaries/OCHA ROSEA, Information Management Working Group (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)).

    How it is worked out: wind shift = a change of more than 60° in 6 h or less, with at least 15 km/h before and after; no overnight recovery = peak humidity between 8 pm and 8 am stays below 55 %; useful rain = 2 mm or more in 6 h. The fan opens 18° plus however much the wind varies within ±3 h and reaches 25 km beyond the edge of the fire: one model cell, not a rate of spread. Methodology

    Where it burned

    HOTSPOTS BY DAY 9 Nov15 Nov
    15 Nov 2026

    How it evolved, day by day

    9 Nov 2026 · 14 MW · 2 10 Nov 2026 · 62 MW · 4 11 Nov 2026 · 136 MW · 10 12 Nov 2026 · 140 MW · 20 13 Nov 2026 · 154 MW · 27 14 Nov 2026 · 3,609 MW · 183 15 Nov 2026 · 4,903 MW · 430
    9 Nov 11 Nov 13 Nov 15 Nov

    Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.

    The weather it burned in

    39°high
    42km/h · peak gust
    10%lowest humidity

    It had gone 12 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.

    What happened to each town

    1. 6,986 ha reached on 10 Nov
      1.4 %
    2. Malakal where it started
      994 ha reached on 9 Nov
      1.3 %
    3. 462 ha reached on 13 Nov
      0.1 %

    Area with fire inside each municipality, rebuilt from heat detections (about 14 hectares per VIIRS pixel). An estimate until the official perimeter arrives. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.

    The weather day by day

    ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.

    Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · forecast models, provisional until the ERA5 reanalysis arrives

    Started with Very dry air: 33 % of the area in South Sudan

    Day High Min. humidity Peak gust Rain Danger (FWI)
    9 Nov 37.8 °C 11 % 35 km/h 0.0 mm Very extreme 72
    10 Nov 37.3 °C 10 % 42 km/h 0.0 mm Very extreme 81
    11 Nov 35.4 °C 10 % 32 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 67
    12 Nov 37.2 °C 11 % 32 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 65
    13 Nov 36.1 °C 15 % 21 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 55
    14 Nov 37.5 °C 13 % 30 km/h 0.0 mm Extreme 65
    15 Nov 38.7 °C 17 % 30 km/h 0.0 mm Very extreme 70

    Before and after, from space

    Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.

    Before · 2 Nov 2026
    After · 14 Nov 2026

    If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.

    Cities with smoke from this fire

    According to the CAMS forecast and the wind at 850 hPa, this fire is today the most likely main source of smoke in:

    1. 30 µg Smoke today in Panyikang ×2.0 the WHO guideline today · 47 % of the upwind weight · 20 km away
    2. 27 µg Smoke today in Fangak ×1.8 the WHO guideline today · 63 % of the upwind weight · 94 km away
    3. 24 µg Smoke today in Maban ×1.6 the WHO guideline today · 54 % of the upwind weight · 212 km away
    4. 17 µg Smoke today in Mayendit ×1.1 the WHO guideline today · 58 % of the upwind weight · 217 km away

    An estimate without a dispersion model, based on a model forecast: not a measurement.

    Detections table · 674Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
    ⬇ Download CSV Times in UTC. Each detection is a 375 m pixel: a large fire yields hundreds per pass.
    Date and timeSatelliteFRP (MW)LatLon

    Other fires nearby

    All fires in South Sudan

    Frequently asked questions

    How long did the Malakal fire last?
    According to the heat detections seen by satellite, it burned from 9 November 2026 to 15 November 2026 (7 days between the first and the last detection). There is no perimeter yet to date it.
    How much area did it burn?
    There is no perimeter yet. Heat detections rebuild about 8,456 hectares with fire (84.6 km²), a rough figure; GWIS will give its own when it publishes the perimeter, which can take several days.
    Which municipalities burned?
    The fire entered 3 municipalities: Panyikang (6,986 ha, 1.4 %); Malakal (994 ha, 1.3 %); Fashoda (462 ha, 0.1 %).
    Is the Malakal fire still active?
    Yes: satellites detected fire on 15 Nov 2026, 11:25 UTC. Check the emergency service for the official status.
    What was the weather like?
    During the fire the temperature reached 38.7 °C, humidity dropped to 10 % and gusts hit 42 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 81, class Very extreme.
    What weather is expected at the fire over the next 72 hours?
    The wind is blowing from the south and pushing northwards; no sharp shifts are expected until Wed 18, 23:00. No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 47 % (Mon 16, 00:00 – Mon 16, 07:00). No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 30 % (Mon 16, 20:00 – Tue 17, 07:00). No overnight recovery: humidity stays at or below 30 % (Tue 17, 20:00 – Wed 18, 07:00). Times are local time at the fire. ECMWF IFS forecast (Open-Meteo) computed 15 Nov 2026, 22:23 UTC; this is not an official warning.
    Where does this data come from?
    From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of South Sudan (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.

    Where to verify it

    A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.

    Satellite cross-check

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    This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.

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    How we know this
    • No perimeter yet: the area (≈ 8,456 ha) is estimated by counting VIIRS pixels with fire, about 14 ha each.
    • Dates of the first and last VIIRS detection of the cluster. 674 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
    • Weather: ECMWF IFS model, provisional until the ERA5 reanalysis arrives.

    How we build fire pages: methodology

    Where this data comes from

    The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.