Macossa fire, 12 August 2023 Macossa
The fire started on 12 August 2023 in Macossa, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 11 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 3,604 hectares from heat detections, spread across a single municipality.
It is the 131th largest in Manica since 2016 (of 198 with a page). Number 92 in Mozambique in 2023, of 128.
- Burnt area
- 3,604ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 11days
- 12 Aug 2023 – 22 Aug 2023
- Municipalities hit
- 1
- districts
- Started on
- 12 Aug
- 2023
- Heat detections
- 164
- in a single hotspot: 167 MW
- Danger at start
- 13
- Moderate · FWI index
- Energy released
- 2.6GW
- sum of detected power
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone one day without rain (1 mm or more) when it started. Rain came after the fire: 4.3 mm on 27 Aug.
This area had burned before
65% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 525 ha in 2017, 13 ha in 2018, 685 ha in 2019, 460 ha in 2020, 1,124 ha in 2021, 992 ha in 2022. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 2,351 ha that had burned before.
What happened to each town
-
Macossa where it started3,625 ha reached on 12 Aug0.4 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance is from the town centre to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Aug | 23.2 °C | 42 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | Moderate 13 |
| 13 Aug | 25.3 °C | 38 % | 19 km/h | 0.2 mm | Moderate 18 |
| 14 Aug | 28.5 °C | 30 % | 20 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 24 |
| 15 Aug | 30.8 °C | 20 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 16 Aug | 25.1 °C | 42 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 17 Aug | 27.7 °C | 35 % | 27 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 25 |
| 18 Aug | 30.0 °C | 25 % | 24 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 19 Aug | 31.6 °C | 23 % | 22 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 20 Aug | 32.0 °C | 30 % | 27 km/h | 0.1 mm | High 33 |
| 21 Aug | 32.1 °C | 28 % | 21 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 32 |
| 22 Aug | 33.7 °C | 19 % | 25 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 23 Aug after | 32.6 °C | 18 % | 23 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 24 Aug after | 32.7 °C | 28 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 25 Aug after | 31.7 °C | 31 % | 31 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 26 Aug after | 34.7 °C | 24 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 27 Aug after | 23.9 °C | 55 % | 63 km/h | 4.3 mm | Low 10 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 164Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 14,805 haBárue21 August 2026 · 15 days · 11 km away
- 13,764 haBárue9 September 2022 · 16 days · 11 km away
- 13,314 haBárue11 September 2026 · 18 days · 13 km away
- 30,185 haMacossa29 August 2025 · 25 days · 15 km away
- 25,445 haBárue5 September 2016 · 18 days · 15 km away
- 27,713 haBárue1 September 2023 · 25 days · 24 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Macossa fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 12 August 2023 and 22 August 2023: 11 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 3,604 hectares (36.0 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire only entered Macossa (3,625 ha, 0.4 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 33.7 °C, humidity dropped to 19 % and gusts hit 41 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 37, class High.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.