Macossa fire, 17 September 2022 Macossa, Bárue
The fire started on 17 September 2022 in Macossa, Mozambique, and satellites saw it burning for 13 days. Copernicus’s global GWIS system rebuilt a burnt perimeter of 5,238 hectares from heat detections, spread across 2 municipalities.
It is the 62th largest in Manica since 2016 (of 198 with a page). Number 78 in Mozambique in 2022, of 206.
Compare with…
- Burnt area
- 5,238ha
- GWIS perimeter (Copernicus)
- Duration
- 13days
- 17 Sept 2022 – 29 Sept 2022
- Municipalities hit
- 2
- districts
- Started on
- 17 Sept
- 2022
- Heat detections
- 219
- in a single hotspot: 131 MW
- Danger at start
- 30
- High · FWI index
- Average daily power
- 252MW
- detected power per day, on average
Where it burned
How it evolved, day by day
Fire radiative power detected each day, in megawatts, and number of hotspots. The magenta bar marks the peak day.
The weather it burned in
It had gone 2 days without rain (1 mm or more) when it started.
This area had burned before
98% of the perimeter overlaps earlier fires recorded since 2016: 3,187 ha in 2016, 1,329 ha in 2017, 3,421 ha in 2018, 2,480 ha in 2019, 665 ha in 2020, 2,572 ha in 2021. Part of it burned more than once, so the yearly figures add up to more than the 5,149 ha that had burned before.
- 3,187 ha Macossa fire, September 2016 8,469 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 2,264 ha Macossa fire, September 2018 7,699 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
- 472 ha Bárue fire, September 2020 3,879 ha in total; the hectares shown are those it shares with this fire
How big is it?
London boundary: geoBoundaries · Office for National Statistics (Open Government Licence v3.0).
Paris boundary: geoBoundaries · Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN-F) (Etalab Open License 2.0).
Madrid boundary: geoBoundaries · Open Data ESRI, IGN Central Registry of Cartography Area (CC BY 4.0).
Berlin boundary: geoBoundaries · Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (dl-de/by-2-0).
This compares size, not location: both shapes are at the same scale, north up, centred on each other.
What happened to each town
-
Macossa where it started5,128 ha reached on 17 Sept0.5 %
-
133 ha reached on 25 Sept0.0 %
Burnt area inside each municipality, from crossing the GWIS perimeter with administrative boundaries. The distance runs from the point marking the centre of each area to the nearest fire: staying a kilometre away does not mean it reached the houses.
People and buildings inside the perimeter
GHSL 2020Inside the perimeter there were about 9.1 hectares of built-up land and about 2,900 residents (GHSL 2020, satellite-based estimate).
This is an estimate on 100 m cells, made from satellite imagery and census data: it does not mean that homes burned or that anyone was harmed. The perimeter also contains land that never burned.
Source: Global Human Settlement Layer (GHS-BUILT-S and GHS-POP R2023A), European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), © European Union, CC BY 4.0. Sum inside the perimeter computed by WorldFires. human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu
The weather day by day
ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, the standard reference for past weather, and the Canadian Fire Weather Index (the same system Copernicus uses), computed by WorldFires from that data. Days after the fire run until the first rain.
Open-Meteo.com (CC BY 4.0) · Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5)
| Day | High | Min. humidity | Peak gust | Rain | Danger (FWI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 Sept | 29.5 °C | 30 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 30 |
| 18 Sept | 31.3 °C | 26 % | 28 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 31 |
| 19 Sept | 34.1 °C | 21 % | 36 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 40 |
| 20 Sept | 35.3 °C | 19 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 21 Sept | 31.4 °C | 32 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 22 Sept | 32.3 °C | 30 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 23 Sept | 31.8 °C | 30 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 24 Sept | 30.9 °C | 33 % | 36 km/h | 0.2 mm | Very high 38 |
| 25 Sept | 31.1 °C | 26 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 26 Sept | 31.6 °C | 29 % | 34 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 36 |
| 27 Sept | 32.9 °C | 28 % | 33 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 28 Sept | 29.9 °C | 31 % | 46 km/h | 0.1 mm | Very high 42 |
| 29 Sept | 30.0 °C | 28 % | 37 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 38 |
| 30 Sept after | 30.6 °C | 25 % | 30 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 35 |
| 1 Oct after | 32.1 °C | 30 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | High 37 |
| 2 Oct after | 31.6 °C | 22 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 3 Oct after | 33.4 °C | 19 % | 26 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 38 |
| 4 Oct after | 35.0 °C | 24 % | 32 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 43 |
| 5 Oct after | 33.5 °C | 25 % | 39 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 45 |
| 6 Oct after | 34.1 °C | 22 % | 40 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 46 |
| 7 Oct after | 35.3 °C | 16 % | 41 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 50 |
| 8 Oct after | 30.8 °C | 33 % | 46 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 44 |
| 9 Oct after | 32.2 °C | 27 % | 38 km/h | 0.0 mm | Very high 39 |
Before and after, from space
Drag the line to compare the same ground before the fire and after it.
If the day is cloudy, change the date: each satellite passes once a day. In false colour the burnt ground looks brown or red.
Detections table · 219Every satellite heat detection, one by one, with time, satellite, power and coordinates.
| Date and time | Satellite | FRP (MW) | Lat | Lon |
|---|
Other fires nearby
- 28,721 haMacossa11 September 2026 · 18 days · 5 km away
- 30,185 haMacossa29 August 2025 · 25 days · 20 km away
- 27,713 haBárue1 September 2023 · 25 days · 21 km away
- 12,745 haBárue25 September 2017 · 17 days · 23 km away
- 12,021 haBárue30 September 2017 · 18 days · 28 km away
- 13,314 haBárue11 September 2026 · 18 days · 31 km away
Frequently asked questions
- How long did the Macossa fire last?
- GWIS (Copernicus) dates it between 17 September 2022 and 29 September 2022: 13 days between the first and last heat detection of the perimeter.
- How much area did it burn?
- The perimeter GWIS (Copernicus) rebuilt from heat detections is 5,238 hectares (52.4 km²). It is an estimate: official national figures may differ.
- Which municipalities burned?
- The fire entered 2 municipalities: Macossa (5,128 ha, 0.5 %); Bárue (133 ha, 0.0 %).
- What was the weather like?
- During the fire the temperature reached 35.3 °C, humidity dropped to 19 % and gusts hit 46 km/h. The fire danger index (FWI) reached 43, class Very high.
- Where does this data come from?
- From the GWIS (Copernicus) burnt perimeter, NASA FIRMS VIIRS hotspots and the administrative boundaries of Mozambique (geoBoundaries). It is not an official report.
Where to verify it
A satellite detection is not an official report. Final figures and the fire’s status are published by each country’s emergency service.
Satellite cross-check
History of this page Changes in area, dates, name, official record or merged pages, compared every night since 24 October 2026.
No changes since 24 October 2026.
Does something look wrong on this page?
This page is built from satellite data and official records, and it sometimes gets things wrong: the wrong dates, the wrong town, two fires merged into one, or something that was not a wildfire at all. If you know this fire first-hand (you live nearby, saw it, fought it or reported on it), tell us what really happened and we will check it.
Report an error
How we know this
- Perimeter: GWIS (Copernicus), rebuilt from heat detections rather than mapped on imagery.
- Dates from the perimeter: the VIIRS detections inside it did not change them. 219 Suomi-NPP VIIRS detections on those dates.
- We have not matched this page with any official record.
- Weather: Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis at the fire location, in cells of about 25 km.
- Built-up area and population come from the JRC Global Human Settlement Layer (epoch 2020, 100 m cells), summed inside the perimeter: an estimate of what was there, not a damage count.
Where this data comes from
The perimeter comes from the Copernicus Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), which rebuilds it from MODIS and VIIRS heat detections and publishes it under CC BY 4.0. It is not measured on imagery as in Europe, so it is an estimate. Heat detections come from the VIIRS sensors aboard Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20, distributed by NASA FIRMS at 375 m resolution. Municipal boundaries come from geoBoundaries ADM2 (Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organisations (CC BY 3.0 IGO)). The area per municipality is computed by WorldFires by crossing the perimeter with those boundaries, so it may differ from each country’s official figure.